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Additional inland water details and resources, including maps of resolvable lakes and additional inland water products, such as true color imagery, are available at the CyAN site.","distribution_titles":["View this dataset's algorithm theoretical basis document","View this dataset's data citation policy","View this dataset's processing history","This dataset's landing page","Google Scholar search results"],"harvest_record":"https://catalog.data.gov/harvest_record/31858f6d-9898-4834-83ce-b5242ade44c0","harvest_record_raw":"https://catalog.data.gov/harvest_record/31858f6d-9898-4834-83ce-b5242ade44c0/raw","has_download":true,"has_spatial":true,"identifier":"C2954424297-OB_DAAC","keyword":["aquatic-sciences","bacteria-archaea","biological-classification","biosphere","coastal-processes","earth-science","earth-science-services","ecosystems","environmental-advisories","environmental-governance-management","human-dimensions","hydrological-advisories","marine-environment-monitoring","ocean-optics","oceans","surface-water","terrestrial-hydrosphere","water-quality-water-chemistry"],"last_harvested_date":"2026-09-23T01:29:27.211046","organization":{"aliases":[""],"code_repo_exempt":false,"code_repo_url":null,"description":null,"id":"f4ca4614-8901-409b-8553-2e994ad10023","logo":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/GSA/logo/refs/heads/master/nasa.png","name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","organization_type":"Federal Government","slug":"nasa"},"parent_identifier":null,"popularity":2,"publisher":"NASA/GSFC/SED/ESD/GCDC/OB.DAAC","slug":"sentinel-3b-olci-regional-mapped-inland-waters-ilw-data-version-4","spatial_centroid":null,"spatial_shape":null,"theme":["geospatial"],"title":"Sentinel-3B OLCI Regional Mapped Inland Waters (ILW) Data, version 4","type":"dataset"},{"_score":21.251408,"_sort":[1790126962228,21.251408,5,"2b7594c9-ec1d-4a7b-817e-c0f75bda5a5b"],"dcat":{"@type":"dcat:Dataset","accessLevel":"public","accrualPeriodicity":"irregular","bureauCode":["026:00"],"contactPoint":{"@type":"vcard:Contact","fn":"GeneLab Outreach","hasEmail":"mailto:genelab-outreach@lists.nasa.gov"},"description":"Space environment is suspected to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) and induce oxidative stress in plants however little is known about the gene expression of ROS gene network in plants grown in long-term space flight. RNA-Seq was used to define the large-scale gene expression profiles of Mizuna harvested after 27 days cultivation in the international space station to understand the molecular response and adaptation to space environment.Results: Total reads of transcripts from the Mizuna grown in the international space station as well as on the ground by RNA-Seq using next generation sequencing technology showed 8,258 and 14,170 transcripts up- and down-regulated in the space-grown Mizuna respectively when compared with those from the ground-grown Mizuna. A total of 20 in 32 ROS oxidative marker genes were up-regulated including high expression of 4 hallmarks and preferentially expressed gene associated with ROS-scavenging genes was thioredoxin glutaredoxin and alternative oxidase genes. In the transcription factors of ROS gene network MEKK1-MKK4-MPK3 OXI1-MKK4-MPK3 and OXI1-MPK3 of MAP cascades induction of WRKY22 by MEKK1-MKK4-MPK3 cascade induction of WRKY25 and repression of ZAT7 by Zat12 were suggested. RbohD and RbohF genes were up-regulated preferentially in NADPH oxidase genes which produce ROS.Conclusions: Our large-scale transcriptome analysis demonstrated that the space environment induced oxidative stress and ROS gene network was activated in the space-grown Mizuna some of which were common genes up-regulated by abiotic and biotic stress and were preferentially up-regulated genes by the space environment even though Mizuna grew in the space as well as on the ground showing that plants could acclimate to the space environment by reprograming the expression of ROS gene network.","distribution":[{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","description":"GeneLab Study Page","downloadURL":"https://genelab-data.ndc.nasa.gov/genelab/accession/GLDS-158","format":"HTML","mediaType":"text/html","title":"Exposure to ionizing radiation induced persistent gene expression changes in mouse mammary gland"}],"identifier":"nasa_genelab_GLDS-59_af4u-mnh4","issued":"2018-06-26","keyword":["library-construction","nucleic-acid-extraction","nucleic-acid-sequencing","sample-collection","space-flight"],"landingPage":"https://data.nasa.gov/dataset/rna-seq-transcriptome-analysis-of-reactive-oxygen-species-gene-network-in-mizuna-plants-gr","modified":"2025-04-23","programCode":["026:005"],"publisher":{"@type":"org:Organization","name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration"},"theme":["Earth Science"],"title":"RNA-Seq transcriptome analysis of reactive oxygen species gene network in Mizuna plants grown in long-term space flight"},"description":"Space environment is suspected to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) and induce oxidative stress in plants however little is known about the gene expression of ROS gene network in plants grown in long-term space flight. RNA-Seq was used to define the large-scale gene expression profiles of Mizuna harvested after 27 days cultivation in the international space station to understand the molecular response and adaptation to space environment.Results: Total reads of transcripts from the Mizuna grown in the international space station as well as on the ground by RNA-Seq using next generation sequencing technology showed 8,258 and 14,170 transcripts up- and down-regulated in the space-grown Mizuna respectively when compared with those from the ground-grown Mizuna. A total of 20 in 32 ROS oxidative marker genes were up-regulated including high expression of 4 hallmarks and preferentially expressed gene associated with ROS-scavenging genes was thioredoxin glutaredoxin and alternative oxidase genes. In the transcription factors of ROS gene network MEKK1-MKK4-MPK3 OXI1-MKK4-MPK3 and OXI1-MPK3 of MAP cascades induction of WRKY22 by MEKK1-MKK4-MPK3 cascade induction of WRKY25 and repression of ZAT7 by Zat12 were suggested. RbohD and RbohF genes were up-regulated preferentially in NADPH oxidase genes which produce ROS.Conclusions: Our large-scale transcriptome analysis demonstrated that the space environment induced oxidative stress and ROS gene network was activated in the space-grown Mizuna some of which were common genes up-regulated by abiotic and biotic stress and were preferentially up-regulated genes by the space environment even though Mizuna grew in the space as well as on the ground showing that plants could acclimate to the space environment by reprograming the expression of ROS gene network.","distribution_titles":["Exposure to ionizing radiation induced persistent gene expression changes in mouse mammary gland"],"harvest_record":"https://catalog.data.gov/harvest_record/f35cd045-d29b-47d2-aeef-c7330ae16c64","harvest_record_raw":"https://catalog.data.gov/harvest_record/f35cd045-d29b-47d2-aeef-c7330ae16c64/raw","has_download":true,"has_spatial":false,"identifier":"nasa_genelab_GLDS-59_af4u-mnh4","keyword":["library-construction","nucleic-acid-extraction","nucleic-acid-sequencing","sample-collection","space-flight"],"last_harvested_date":"2026-09-23T01:29:22.228141","organization":{"aliases":[""],"code_repo_exempt":false,"code_repo_url":null,"description":null,"id":"f4ca4614-8901-409b-8553-2e994ad10023","logo":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/GSA/logo/refs/heads/master/nasa.png","name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","organization_type":"Federal Government","slug":"nasa"},"parent_identifier":null,"popularity":5,"publisher":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","slug":"rna-seq-transcriptome-analysis-of-reactive-oxygen-species-gene-network-in-mizuna-plants-gr","spatial_centroid":null,"spatial_shape":null,"theme":["Earth Science"],"title":"RNA-Seq transcriptome analysis of reactive oxygen species gene network in Mizuna plants grown in long-term space flight","type":"dataset"},{"_score":10.875124,"_sort":[1790126961804,10.875124,1,"8b47eb62-e8a2-4bb8-ab20-9a146848ee81"],"dcat":{"@type":"dcat:Dataset","accessLevel":"public","accrualPeriodicity":"irregular","bureauCode":["026:00"],"contactPoint":{"@type":"vcard:Contact","fn":"GeneLab Outreach","hasEmail":"mailto:genelab-outreach@lists.nasa.gov"},"description":"Experimentation on the International Space Station has reached the stage where repeated and nuanced transcriptome studies are beginning to illuminate the structural and metabolic differences between plants grown in space compared to plants on the Earth. Genes that are important in setting up the spaceflight responses are being identified; their role in spaceflight physiological adaptation are increasingly understood and the fact that different genotypes adapt differently is recognized. However the basic question of whether these spaceflight responses are required for survival has yet to be posed and the fundamental notion that spaceflight responses may be non-adaptive has yet to be explored. Therefore the experiments presented here were designed to ask if portions of the plant spaceflight response can be genetically removed without causing loss of spaceflight survival and without causing increased stress responses. The CARA experiment compared the spaceflight transcriptome responses of two Arabidopsis ecotypes Col-0 and WS as well as that of a PhyD mutant of Col-0. When grown with the ambient light of the ISS phyD displayed a significantly reduced spaceflight transcriptome response compared to Col-0 suggesting that altering the activity of a single gene can actually improve spaceflight adaptation by reducing the transcriptome cost of physiological adaptation. The WS genotype showed an even simpler spaceflight transcriptome response in the ambient light of the ISS more broadly indicating that the plant genotype can be manipulated to reduce the transcriptome cost of plant physiological adaptation to spaceflight and suggesting that genetic manipulation might further reduce or perhaps eliminate the metabolic cost of spaceflight adaptation. When plants were germinated and then left in the dark on the ISS the WS genotype actually mounted a larger transcriptome response than Col-0 suggesting that the in-space light environment affects physiological adaptation which further implies that manipulating the local habitat can also substantially impact the metabolic cost of spaceflight adaptation.","distribution":[{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","description":"GeneLab Study Page","downloadURL":"https://genelab-data.ndc.nasa.gov/genelab/accession/GLDS-120","format":"HTML","mediaType":"text/html","title":"Genetic Dissection of the Spaceflight Transcriptome Responses in Plants: are some responses unnecessary?"}],"identifier":"nasa_genelab_GLDS-120_b3ak-mpt9","issued":"2021-05-21","keyword":["data-transformation","ecotype","genelab-rnaseq-data-processing-protocol","growth-protocol","library-construction","light-treatment","nucleic-acid-extraction","nucleic-acid-sequencing","sequence-analysis-data-transformation","spaceflight"],"landingPage":"https://data.nasa.gov/dataset/genetic-dissection-of-the-spaceflight-transcriptome-responses-in-plants-are-some-responses","license":"http://www.usa.gov/publicdomain/label/1.0/","modified":"2025-04-23","programCode":["026:005"],"publisher":{"@type":"org:Organization","name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration"},"theme":["Earth Science"],"title":"Genetic Dissection of the Spaceflight Transcriptome Responses in Plants: are some responses unnecessary?"},"description":"Experimentation on the International Space Station has reached the stage where repeated and nuanced transcriptome studies are beginning to illuminate the structural and metabolic differences between plants grown in space compared to plants on the Earth. Genes that are important in setting up the spaceflight responses are being identified; their role in spaceflight physiological adaptation are increasingly understood and the fact that different genotypes adapt differently is recognized. However the basic question of whether these spaceflight responses are required for survival has yet to be posed and the fundamental notion that spaceflight responses may be non-adaptive has yet to be explored. Therefore the experiments presented here were designed to ask if portions of the plant spaceflight response can be genetically removed without causing loss of spaceflight survival and without causing increased stress responses. The CARA experiment compared the spaceflight transcriptome responses of two Arabidopsis ecotypes Col-0 and WS as well as that of a PhyD mutant of Col-0. When grown with the ambient light of the ISS phyD displayed a significantly reduced spaceflight transcriptome response compared to Col-0 suggesting that altering the activity of a single gene can actually improve spaceflight adaptation by reducing the transcriptome cost of physiological adaptation. The WS genotype showed an even simpler spaceflight transcriptome response in the ambient light of the ISS more broadly indicating that the plant genotype can be manipulated to reduce the transcriptome cost of plant physiological adaptation to spaceflight and suggesting that genetic manipulation might further reduce or perhaps eliminate the metabolic cost of spaceflight adaptation. When plants were germinated and then left in the dark on the ISS the WS genotype actually mounted a larger transcriptome response than Col-0 suggesting that the in-space light environment affects physiological adaptation which further implies that manipulating the local habitat can also substantially impact the metabolic cost of spaceflight adaptation.","distribution_titles":["Genetic Dissection of the Spaceflight Transcriptome Responses in Plants: are some responses unnecessary?"],"harvest_record":"https://catalog.data.gov/harvest_record/7dc232f2-93ad-4e8a-9093-e3a1f6fb512e","harvest_record_raw":"https://catalog.data.gov/harvest_record/7dc232f2-93ad-4e8a-9093-e3a1f6fb512e/raw","has_download":true,"has_spatial":false,"identifier":"nasa_genelab_GLDS-120_b3ak-mpt9","keyword":["data-transformation","ecotype","genelab-rnaseq-data-processing-protocol","growth-protocol","library-construction","light-treatment","nucleic-acid-extraction","nucleic-acid-sequencing","sequence-analysis-data-transformation","spaceflight"],"last_harvested_date":"2026-09-23T01:29:21.804084","organization":{"aliases":[""],"code_repo_exempt":false,"code_repo_url":null,"description":null,"id":"f4ca4614-8901-409b-8553-2e994ad10023","logo":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/GSA/logo/refs/heads/master/nasa.png","name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","organization_type":"Federal Government","slug":"nasa"},"parent_identifier":null,"popularity":1,"publisher":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","slug":"genetic-dissection-of-the-spaceflight-transcriptome-responses-in-plants-are-some-responses","spatial_centroid":null,"spatial_shape":null,"theme":["Earth Science"],"title":"Genetic Dissection of the Spaceflight Transcriptome Responses in Plants: are some responses unnecessary?","type":"dataset"},{"_score":13.630602,"_sort":[1790126959838,13.630602,1,"3408614f-ac5d-488e-993f-bab067df3a23"],"dcat":{"@type":"dcat:Dataset","accessLevel":"public","accrualPeriodicity":"irregular","bureauCode":["026:00"],"contactPoint":{"@type":"vcard:Contact","fn":"GeneLab Outreach","hasEmail":"mailto:genelab-outreach@lists.nasa.gov"},"description":"The wild type Col-0 plants and the Sku-6 mutant plants of the Col-0 background were germinated on ISS or on the ground and the gene expression profiles in roots at 4 days or 8 days were established. The Sku6 gene (At2g03680) codes for a protein that localizes to microtubule within the cortical array and putatively acting as an intramolecular linker. The development of Col-0 and Sku-6 plants on orbit differs from that on the ground as demonstrated by the comparison of the gene expression profiles between 4 days old to 8 days old plant in the two environments. However the development of Sku-6 mutant plants also differs from Col-0 at either age and in either environment suggesting the role of the genetic background in these developmental decisions. The 4 days old Sku-6 roots in orbit engaged more genes than the 4 days old Col-0 roots in orbit but also more than the 4 days old Sku-6 roots on the ground. Overall the 4 days old roots differentially expressed more genes in spaceflight relative to ground than the 8 days old roots of either genotype.","distribution":[{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","description":"GeneLab Study Page","downloadURL":"https://genelab-data.ndc.nasa.gov/genelab/accession/GLDS-193","format":"HTML","mediaType":"text/html","title":"During development the Sku6 mutant roots engage different genes than wild type Col-0 roots either on the ground or in spaceflight."}],"identifier":"nasa_genelab_GLDS-193_ci38-cfam","issued":"2021-05-21","keyword":["genotype","growth","library-construction","nucleic-acid-extraction","nucleic-acid-sequencing","sample-collection","sequence-analysis-data-transformation","spaceflight","time"],"landingPage":"https://data.nasa.gov/dataset/during-development-the-sku6-mutant-roots-engage-different-genes-than-wild-type-col-0-roots","license":"http://www.usa.gov/publicdomain/label/1.0/","modified":"2025-04-23","programCode":["026:005"],"publisher":{"@type":"org:Organization","name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration"},"theme":["Earth Science"],"title":"During development the Sku6 mutant roots engage different genes than wild type Col-0 roots either on the ground or in spaceflight."},"description":"The wild type Col-0 plants and the Sku-6 mutant plants of the Col-0 background were germinated on ISS or on the ground and the gene expression profiles in roots at 4 days or 8 days were established. The Sku6 gene (At2g03680) codes for a protein that localizes to microtubule within the cortical array and putatively acting as an intramolecular linker. The development of Col-0 and Sku-6 plants on orbit differs from that on the ground as demonstrated by the comparison of the gene expression profiles between 4 days old to 8 days old plant in the two environments. However the development of Sku-6 mutant plants also differs from Col-0 at either age and in either environment suggesting the role of the genetic background in these developmental decisions. The 4 days old Sku-6 roots in orbit engaged more genes than the 4 days old Col-0 roots in orbit but also more than the 4 days old Sku-6 roots on the ground. Overall the 4 days old roots differentially expressed more genes in spaceflight relative to ground than the 8 days old roots of either genotype.","distribution_titles":["During development the Sku6 mutant roots engage different genes than wild type Col-0 roots either on the ground or in spaceflight."],"harvest_record":"https://catalog.data.gov/harvest_record/47836408-3eb1-4e52-b66e-edad8eec2e15","harvest_record_raw":"https://catalog.data.gov/harvest_record/47836408-3eb1-4e52-b66e-edad8eec2e15/raw","has_download":true,"has_spatial":false,"identifier":"nasa_genelab_GLDS-193_ci38-cfam","keyword":["genotype","growth","library-construction","nucleic-acid-extraction","nucleic-acid-sequencing","sample-collection","sequence-analysis-data-transformation","spaceflight","time"],"last_harvested_date":"2026-09-23T01:29:19.838855","organization":{"aliases":[""],"code_repo_exempt":false,"code_repo_url":null,"description":null,"id":"f4ca4614-8901-409b-8553-2e994ad10023","logo":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/GSA/logo/refs/heads/master/nasa.png","name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","organization_type":"Federal Government","slug":"nasa"},"parent_identifier":null,"popularity":1,"publisher":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","slug":"during-development-the-sku6-mutant-roots-engage-different-genes-than-wild-type-col-0-roots-eda77","spatial_centroid":null,"spatial_shape":null,"theme":["Earth Science"],"title":"During development the Sku6 mutant roots engage different genes than wild type Col-0 roots either on the ground or in spaceflight.","type":"dataset"},{"_score":7.7727623,"_sort":[1790126958934,7.7727623,1,"76f15315-5217-48c1-806c-ea2d0db795b2"],"dcat":{"@type":"dcat:Dataset","accessLevel":"public","accrualPeriodicity":"irregular","bureauCode":["026:00"],"contactPoint":{"@type":"vcard:Contact","fn":"GeneLab Outreach","hasEmail":"mailto:genelab-outreach@lists.nasa.gov"},"description":"Because of their ubiquity and resistance to spacecraft decontamination bacterial spores are considered likely potential forward contaminants on robotic missions to Mars. Thus it is important to understand their global responses to long-term exposure to space or Mars environments. As part of the PROTECT experiment spores of B. subtilis 168 were exposed to real space conditions and to simulated martian conditions for 559 days in low Earth orbit mounted on the EXPOSE-E exposure platform outside the European Columbus module on the International Space Station. Upon return spores were germinated total RNA extracted and fluorescently labeled and used to probe a custom Bacillus subtilis microarray to identify genes preferentially activated or repressed relative to ground control spores. Increased transcript levels were detected for a number of stress-related regulons responding to DNA damage (SOS response SP-beta prophage induction) protein damage (CtsR/Clp system) oxidative stress (PerR regulon) and cell envelope stress (SigV regulon). Spores exposed to space demonstrated a much broader and more severe stress response than spores exposed to simulated Mars conditions. The results are discussed in the context of planetary protection for a hypothetical journey of potential forward contaminant spores from Earth to Mars and their subsequent residence on Mars. Two-color microarrays were performed comparing germination of Space-exposed or Mars-exposed vs. ground-control (Earth) spores.","distribution":[{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","description":"GeneLab Study Page","downloadURL":"https://genelab-data.ndc.nasa.gov/genelab/accession/GLDS-59","format":"HTML","mediaType":"text/html","title":"RNA-Seq transcriptome analysis of reactive oxygen species gene network in Mizuna plants grown in long-term space flight"}],"identifier":"nasa_genelab_GLDS-28_dgmm-uid9","issued":"2018-06-26","keyword":["bioassay_data_transformation","environment-exposure","feature_extraction","gravitation","grow","hybridization","image_aquisition","labeling","nucleic_acid_extraction","p-gse37124-1","p-gse37124-2","p-gse37124-3","p-gse37124-4","p-gse37124-5","p-gse37124-6","p-gse37124-7","p-gse37124-8","specified_biomaterial_action"],"landingPage":"https://data.nasa.gov/dataset/bacillus-subtilis-spores-protect-experiment-space-exposed-and-mars-exposed-vs-earth-contro","modified":"2025-04-23","programCode":["026:005"],"publisher":{"@type":"org:Organization","name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration"},"theme":["Earth Science"],"title":"Bacillus subtilis spores PROTECT experiment Space-exposed and Mars-exposed vs. Earth-control"},"description":"Because of their ubiquity and resistance to spacecraft decontamination bacterial spores are considered likely potential forward contaminants on robotic missions to Mars. Thus it is important to understand their global responses to long-term exposure to space or Mars environments. As part of the PROTECT experiment spores of B. subtilis 168 were exposed to real space conditions and to simulated martian conditions for 559 days in low Earth orbit mounted on the EXPOSE-E exposure platform outside the European Columbus module on the International Space Station. Upon return spores were germinated total RNA extracted and fluorescently labeled and used to probe a custom Bacillus subtilis microarray to identify genes preferentially activated or repressed relative to ground control spores. Increased transcript levels were detected for a number of stress-related regulons responding to DNA damage (SOS response SP-beta prophage induction) protein damage (CtsR/Clp system) oxidative stress (PerR regulon) and cell envelope stress (SigV regulon). Spores exposed to space demonstrated a much broader and more severe stress response than spores exposed to simulated Mars conditions. The results are discussed in the context of planetary protection for a hypothetical journey of potential forward contaminant spores from Earth to Mars and their subsequent residence on Mars. Two-color microarrays were performed comparing germination of Space-exposed or Mars-exposed vs. ground-control (Earth) spores.","distribution_titles":["RNA-Seq transcriptome analysis of reactive oxygen species gene network in Mizuna plants grown in long-term space flight"],"harvest_record":"https://catalog.data.gov/harvest_record/4116c60e-0567-4b25-a518-7f337c993efc","harvest_record_raw":"https://catalog.data.gov/harvest_record/4116c60e-0567-4b25-a518-7f337c993efc/raw","has_download":true,"has_spatial":false,"identifier":"nasa_genelab_GLDS-28_dgmm-uid9","keyword":["bioassay_data_transformation","environment-exposure","feature_extraction","gravitation","grow","hybridization","image_aquisition","labeling","nucleic_acid_extraction","p-gse37124-1","p-gse37124-2","p-gse37124-3","p-gse37124-4","p-gse37124-5","p-gse37124-6","p-gse37124-7","p-gse37124-8","specified_biomaterial_action"],"last_harvested_date":"2026-09-23T01:29:18.934227","organization":{"aliases":[""],"code_repo_exempt":false,"code_repo_url":null,"description":null,"id":"f4ca4614-8901-409b-8553-2e994ad10023","logo":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/GSA/logo/refs/heads/master/nasa.png","name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","organization_type":"Federal Government","slug":"nasa"},"parent_identifier":null,"popularity":1,"publisher":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","slug":"bacillus-subtilis-spores-protect-experiment-space-exposed-and-mars-exposed-vs-earth-contro","spatial_centroid":null,"spatial_shape":null,"theme":["Earth Science"],"title":"Bacillus subtilis spores PROTECT experiment Space-exposed and Mars-exposed vs. Earth-control","type":"dataset"},{"_score":11.559078,"_sort":[1790126956642,11.559078,1,"f72f7357-7dd9-4ea7-ab7d-c06682fa908f"],"dcat":{"@type":"dcat:Dataset","accessLevel":"public","accrualPeriodicity":"irregular","bureauCode":["026:00"],"contactPoint":{"@type":"vcard:Contact","fn":"GeneLab Outreach","hasEmail":"mailto:genelab-outreach@lists.nasa.gov"},"description":"Anticipating the risk for infectious disease during space exploration and habitation is a critical factor to ensure safety health and performance of the crewmembers. As a ubiquitous environmental organism that is occasionally part of the human flora Pseudomonas aeruginosa could pose a health hazard for the immuno-compromised astronauts. In order to gain insights in the behavior of P. aeruginosa in spaceflight conditions two spaceflight-analogue culture systems i.e. the rotating wall vessel (RWV) and the random position machine (RPM) were used. Microarray analysis of P. aeruginosa PAO1 grown in the low shear modeled microgravity (LSMMG) environment of the RWV compared to the normal gravity control (NG) revealed a regulatory role for AlgU (RpoE). Specifically P. aeruginosa cultured in LSMMG exhibited increased alginate production and up-regulation of AlgU-controlled transcripts including those encoding stress-related proteins. This study also shows the involvement of Hfq in the LSMMG response consistent with its previously identified role in the Salmonella LSMMG- and spaceflight response. Furthermore cultivation in LSMMG increased heat and oxidative stress resistance and caused a decrease in the culture oxygen transfer rate. Interestingly the global transcriptional response of P. aeruginosa grown in the RPM was similar to that in NG. The possible role of differences in fluid mixing between the RWV and RPM is discussed with the overall collective data favoring the RWV as the optimal model to study the LSMMG-response of suspended cells. This study represents a first step towards the identification of specific virulence mechanisms of P. aeruginosa activated in response to spaceflight-analogue conditions and could direct future research regarding the risk assessment and prevention of Pseudomonas infections for the crew in flight and the general public.","distribution":[{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","description":"GeneLab Study Page","downloadURL":"https://genelab-data.ndc.nasa.gov/genelab/accession/GLDS-53","format":"HTML","mediaType":"text/html","title":"['Spaceflight Modulates Gene Expression in Astronauts']"}],"identifier":"nasa_genelab_GLDS-14_fg6b-h7es","issued":"2021-05-21","keyword":["bioassay_data_transformation","data-transformation","feature_extraction","genelab-microarray-data-processing-protocol","grow","hybridization","image_aquisition","labeling","microgravity-simulation","nucleic_acid_extraction","p-gse16970-1","p-gse16970-2","p-gse16970-3","p-gse16970-4","p-gse16970-5","p-gse16970-6","p-gse16970-7","p-gse16970-8","specified_biomaterial_action"],"landingPage":"https://data.nasa.gov/dataset/response-of-pseudomonas-aeruginosa-pao1-to-low-shear-modeled-microgravity","license":"http://www.usa.gov/publicdomain/label/1.0/","modified":"2025-04-23","programCode":["026:005"],"publisher":{"@type":"org:Organization","name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration"},"theme":["Earth Science"],"title":"Response of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 to low shear modeled microgravity"},"description":"Anticipating the risk for infectious disease during space exploration and habitation is a critical factor to ensure safety health and performance of the crewmembers. 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Furthermore cultivation in LSMMG increased heat and oxidative stress resistance and caused a decrease in the culture oxygen transfer rate. Interestingly the global transcriptional response of P. aeruginosa grown in the RPM was similar to that in NG. The possible role of differences in fluid mixing between the RWV and RPM is discussed with the overall collective data favoring the RWV as the optimal model to study the LSMMG-response of suspended cells. 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Presumably extraterrestrial infection may trigger potentially novel bionetworks different from the terrestrial equivalent which could only be probed by investigating the host-pathogen relationship with minimum terrestrial bias. Towards this objective we strategically engineered a cell culture module equipped with a feedback controlled semi-automated platform to expose human endothelial cells to lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The assay was carried out in the STS-135 space shuttle and a concurrent ground study constituted the baseline. Transcriptomic investigation revealed an immune blunting in microgravity; Lbp MyD88 and MD-2 failed to encode proteins responsible for early LPS uptake. Longer exposure results implied that there was a delayed response potentially ineffectual in preventing pathogens from opportunistically modulating the infection network. Lack of recruitment of growth factors and a debilitated apoptosome supported this potential explanation. Certain cytokines such as IL-6 and IL-8 surged in response to LPS insult in microgravity. Contrasting expressions of B2M TIMP-1 and VEGRs suggested impaired pro-survival adaptation and healing mechanisms. The susceptibility of oxidative stress and immune regulation to microgravity compelled further investigation of the respective microRNA modulators such as miR-200a and miR-146b. These miRNAs were expressed differently in response to LPS assaults in different gravitational limits. In conclusion despite a serious drawback attributed to the small sample size we delineated some of the important aspects of the extraterrestrial etiology; more comprehensive follow up studies are warranted. Present study though compromised by the small sample size was able to shade lights on several aspects of immunological responses to the endotoxic assault mediated by uG. Implementing the host-pathogen interactions in the spaceflight and subsequently lysing the cells onboard presented the critical distinguishing features of the present study from the past reports. We identified the CCM of Tissue Genesis Inc. HI as the suitable hardware system to carry out the experiment in the spaceflight. CCM is an automated feedback controlled module that can concurrently support 24 bioreactors following protocols exclusively programmed for individual bioreactor. For this experiment we use samples EA41 EA 47 EA45 and EA155 that were exposed to LPS for 4 hours. Samples EA123 EA165 EA127 EA126 were exposed to LPS for 8Hrs. 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Certain cytokines such as IL-6 and IL-8 surged in response to LPS insult in microgravity. Contrasting expressions of B2M TIMP-1 and VEGRs suggested impaired pro-survival adaptation and healing mechanisms. The susceptibility of oxidative stress and immune regulation to microgravity compelled further investigation of the respective microRNA modulators such as miR-200a and miR-146b. These miRNAs were expressed differently in response to LPS assaults in different gravitational limits. In conclusion despite a serious drawback attributed to the small sample size we delineated some of the important aspects of the extraterrestrial etiology; more comprehensive follow up studies are warranted. Present study though compromised by the small sample size was able to shade lights on several aspects of immunological responses to the endotoxic assault mediated by uG. Implementing the host-pathogen interactions in the spaceflight and subsequently lysing the cells onboard presented the critical distinguishing features of the present study from the past reports. We identified the CCM of Tissue Genesis Inc. HI as the suitable hardware system to carry out the experiment in the spaceflight. CCM is an automated feedback controlled module that can concurrently support 24 bioreactors following protocols exclusively programmed for individual bioreactor. For this experiment we use samples EA41 EA 47 EA45 and EA155 that were exposed to LPS for 4 hours. Samples EA123 EA165 EA127 EA126 were exposed to LPS for 8Hrs. 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Additionally, the data set provides the number of urban extents, their population and land area that intersect the LECZ, by city-size population classifications of less than 100,000, 100,000 to 500,000, 500,000 to 1,000,000, 1,000,000 to 5,000,000, and more than 5,000,000. All estimates are based on GRUMP Alpha data products. The LECZ was generated using SRTM Digital Elevation Model data and includes all land area that is contiguous with the coast and 10 meters or less in elevation. All grids used for population, land area, urban mask, and LECZ were of 30 arc-second (~1 km ) resolution. This data set is produced by the Columbia  University Center for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN) in collaboration with the International Institute for Environment and Development (IIED).","identifier":"C179002007-SEDAC","issued":"2007-12-31","keyword":["earth-science","human-dimensions","population"],"language":["en-US"],"modified":"2025-07-17","programCode":["026:001"],"publisher":{"@type":"org:Organization","name":"SEDAC"},"references":["https://doi.org/10.7927/H4CC0XMD","https://doi.org/10.7927/H4MW2F2J","https://sedac.ciesin.columbia.edu/downloads/docs/lecz/coastal_tiempo.pdf"],"spatial":"-180.0 -58.0 180.0 85.0","temporal":"1990-01-01T00:00:00Z/2000-01-01T00:00:00Z","theme":["LECZ","geospatial"],"title":"Low Elevation Coastal Zone (LECZ) Urban-Rural Population Estimates, Global Rural-Urban Mapping Project (GRUMP), Alpha Version"},"description":"The Low Elevation Coastal Zone (LECZ) Urban-Rural Population Estimates consists of country-level estimates of urban, rural and total population and land area country-wide and in the LECZ, if applicable. Additionally, the data set provides the number of urban extents, their population and land area that intersect the LECZ, by city-size population classifications of less than 100,000, 100,000 to 500,000, 500,000 to 1,000,000, 1,000,000 to 5,000,000, and more than 5,000,000. All estimates are based on GRUMP Alpha data products. The LECZ was generated using SRTM Digital Elevation Model data and includes all land area that is contiguous with the coast and 10 meters or less in elevation. All grids used for population, land area, urban mask, and LECZ were of 30 arc-second (~1 km ) resolution. This data set is produced by the Columbia  University Center for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN) in collaboration with the International Institute for Environment and Development (IIED).","distribution_titles":[],"harvest_record":"https://catalog.data.gov/harvest_record/a024ab10-9025-4247-b1b5-ddbbb1fecabe","harvest_record_raw":"https://catalog.data.gov/harvest_record/a024ab10-9025-4247-b1b5-ddbbb1fecabe/raw","has_download":false,"has_spatial":true,"identifier":"C179002007-SEDAC","keyword":["earth-science","human-dimensions","population"],"last_harvested_date":"2026-09-23T01:12:18.670179","organization":{"aliases":[""],"code_repo_exempt":false,"code_repo_url":null,"description":null,"id":"f4ca4614-8901-409b-8553-2e994ad10023","logo":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/GSA/logo/refs/heads/master/nasa.png","name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","organization_type":"Federal Government","slug":"nasa"},"parent_identifier":null,"popularity":4,"publisher":"SEDAC","slug":"low-elevation-coastal-zone-lecz-urban-rural-population-estimates-global-rural-urban-mappin","spatial_centroid":null,"spatial_shape":null,"theme":["LECZ","geospatial"],"title":"Low Elevation Coastal Zone (LECZ) Urban-Rural Population Estimates, Global Rural-Urban Mapping Project (GRUMP), Alpha Version","type":"dataset"},{"_score":14.123703,"_sort":[1790125760072,14.123703,3,"2cc24aab-fe52-4e12-b266-2327fab92158"],"dcat":{"@type":"dcat:Dataset","accessLevel":"public","bureauCode":["026:00"],"contactPoint":{"@type":"vcard:Contact","fn":"Thomas Morgan","hasEmail":"mailto:thomas.h.morgan@nasa.gov"},"description":"The objective of the Rodent Research-7 mission (RR-7) was to study the impact of the space environment on the gut microbiota of two strains of mice and how any changes in-turn affect the immune system, metabolic system, and circadian or daily rhythms. To this end, ten 11-week-old female C57BL/6J and ten 11-week-old female C3H/HeJ mice were flown to the International Space Station on June 29, 2018 on SpaceX-15 and housed in two Rodent Habitats. Samples of food, swabs from living surfaces, and fecal pellets were collected from each animal before launch and regularly during the mission. The mission also involved extended video collection (48 hr video segments per Habitat) to monitor circadian rhythms, and on-orbit mass measurement. After 25 days on-orbit, half of the mice of each strain were euthanized on the ISS with Ketamine/Xylazine/Acepromazine and cardiac puncture, after which carcasses were segmented in three sections and preserved in RNA later. After 75-76 days the remaining 5 animals from each group were euthanized and processed in the same manner. The 25-day dissected carcasses returned on SpX-15, and the 75-day dissected carcasses returned on SpX-16. In addition to the Flight group, three ground control groups were also part of the study: Basal (representing the pre-launch state), Vivarium (standard vivarium housing for the same duration of time as flight), and Ground (same habitat in the International Space Station Environment Simulator, ISSES). Twenty mice (10 of each strain) were included in each of these control groups, which were euthanized and processed on the same schedule and in the same manner as the flight samples. Dissections for tissues from all experimental groups were completed by the PI groups along with NASA's Biospecimen Sharing Program in February 2019. GeneLab received dorsal skin samples from forty C57BL/6J mice: 10 Basal, 5 Ground (25 days), 5 Ground (75 days), 5 Flight (25 days), 5 Flight (75 days), 5 Vivarium (25 days), 5 Vivarium (75 days). GeneLab received dorsal skin samples from forty C3H/HeJ mice: 10 Basal, 5 Ground (25 days), 5 Ground (75 days), 5 Flight (25 days), 5 Flight (75 days), 5 Vivarium (25 days), 5 Vivarium (75 days). From these skin samples, RNA was extracted, libraries generated (stranded, ribodepleted) and sequenced (target 60 M clusters at PE 98 bp).","identifier":"10.26030/dcq8-6c70","keyword":["biological-and-physical-sciences","genelab","nasa"],"license":"https://www.usa.gov/government-works","modified":"2026-08-10","programCode":["026:000"],"publisher":{"@type":"org:Organization","name":"Open Science Data Repository"},"theme":["Biological and Physical Sciences"],"title":"Transcriptional analysis of dorsal skin from mice flown on the RR-7 mission"},"description":"The objective of the Rodent Research-7 mission (RR-7) was to study the impact of the space environment on the gut microbiota of two strains of mice and how any changes in-turn affect the immune system, metabolic system, and circadian or daily rhythms. To this end, ten 11-week-old female C57BL/6J and ten 11-week-old female C3H/HeJ mice were flown to the International Space Station on June 29, 2018 on SpaceX-15 and housed in two Rodent Habitats. Samples of food, swabs from living surfaces, and fecal pellets were collected from each animal before launch and regularly during the mission. The mission also involved extended video collection (48 hr video segments per Habitat) to monitor circadian rhythms, and on-orbit mass measurement. After 25 days on-orbit, half of the mice of each strain were euthanized on the ISS with Ketamine/Xylazine/Acepromazine and cardiac puncture, after which carcasses were segmented in three sections and preserved in RNA later. After 75-76 days the remaining 5 animals from each group were euthanized and processed in the same manner. The 25-day dissected carcasses returned on SpX-15, and the 75-day dissected carcasses returned on SpX-16. In addition to the Flight group, three ground control groups were also part of the study: Basal (representing the pre-launch state), Vivarium (standard vivarium housing for the same duration of time as flight), and Ground (same habitat in the International Space Station Environment Simulator, ISSES). Twenty mice (10 of each strain) were included in each of these control groups, which were euthanized and processed on the same schedule and in the same manner as the flight samples. Dissections for tissues from all experimental groups were completed by the PI groups along with NASA's Biospecimen Sharing Program in February 2019. GeneLab received dorsal skin samples from forty C57BL/6J mice: 10 Basal, 5 Ground (25 days), 5 Ground (75 days), 5 Flight (25 days), 5 Flight (75 days), 5 Vivarium (25 days), 5 Vivarium (75 days). GeneLab received dorsal skin samples from forty C3H/HeJ mice: 10 Basal, 5 Ground (25 days), 5 Ground (75 days), 5 Flight (25 days), 5 Flight (75 days), 5 Vivarium (25 days), 5 Vivarium (75 days). 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Non-coding RNAs like miRNAs are key to regulating this landscape. We thus analyzed 686 small RNA samples of mice from 13 solid organs at 3 and 8 months of age, after at least 3 weeks on the ISS and compared them to earth-bound controls. We observed significant spaceflight effects in systemic tissue remodeling pathways along the Fat-Liver-Pancreas axis and in heart, brain, spleen and thymus. The MIR-17/92 and MIR-1/133 families drive distinct molecular changes through specific gene targeting. Age-dependent changes, smaller in magnitude compared to age-independent changes, primarily involved tissue remodeling through MIR-8, MIR-154 and MIR-15 families in MAT, pancreas, and diaphragm. Our findings provide evidence on how spaceflight regulates mammalian gene expression in preparation for interplanetary spaceflight. We sequenced 686 samples across 13 organs of young (3 months) and middle-aged (8 months) mice that were sent to the ISS (Flight). We compared them against mice living in standard conditions (Vivarium Ground Control) and mice living in an environment matched to ISS conditions (Habitat Ground Control). We euthanized mice at two time-points (matching timelines for controls and flight mice), one before returning to earth (TERM) and one after (LAR) in order to distinguish spaceflight-induced effects from the reentry-induced stress.","distribution":[{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/NCBITAXON/10090","format":"BIN","mediaType":"application/octet-stream"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"https://osdr.nasa.gov/bio/repo/data/missions/SpaceX-16","format":"BIN","mediaType":"application/octet-stream"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"https://osdr.nasa.gov/bio/repo/data/studies/OSD-910","format":"BIN","mediaType":"application/octet-stream"}],"identifier":"10.26030/rybg-df97","keyword":["biological-and-physical-sciences","genelab","nasa"],"license":"https://www.usa.gov/government-works","modified":"2026-08-10","programCode":["026:000"],"publisher":{"@type":"org:Organization","name":"Open Science Data Repository"},"theme":["Biological and Physical Sciences"],"title":"MicroRNAs shape mouse age-independent tissue adaptation to spaceflight via ECM and developmental pathways - Spleen data"},"description":"As human space exploration accelerates, understanding the organism-wide molecular effects of longer spaceflight in mammals becomes increasingly critical. 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We compared them against mice living in standard conditions (Vivarium Ground Control) and mice living in an environment matched to ISS conditions (Habitat Ground Control). We euthanized mice at two time-points (matching timelines for controls and flight mice), one before returning to earth (TERM) and one after (LAR) in order to distinguish spaceflight-induced effects from the reentry-induced stress.","distribution_titles":[],"harvest_record":"https://catalog.data.gov/harvest_record/983aeef4-7f62-4eaa-b24e-85cb3917dbe2","harvest_record_raw":"https://catalog.data.gov/harvest_record/983aeef4-7f62-4eaa-b24e-85cb3917dbe2/raw","has_download":true,"has_spatial":false,"identifier":"10.26030/rybg-df97","keyword":["biological-and-physical-sciences","genelab","nasa"],"last_harvested_date":"2026-09-23T01:09:18.271324","organization":{"aliases":[""],"code_repo_exempt":false,"code_repo_url":null,"description":null,"id":"f4ca4614-8901-409b-8553-2e994ad10023","logo":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/GSA/logo/refs/heads/master/nasa.png","name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","organization_type":"Federal Government","slug":"nasa"},"parent_identifier":null,"popularity":0,"publisher":"Open Science Data Repository","slug":"micrornas-shape-mouse-age-independent-tissue-adaptation-to-spaceflight-via-ecm-and-develop-30862","spatial_centroid":null,"spatial_shape":null,"theme":["Biological and Physical Sciences"],"title":"MicroRNAs shape mouse age-independent tissue adaptation to spaceflight via ECM and developmental pathways - Spleen data","type":"dataset"},{"_score":11.360678,"_sort":[1790125755342,11.360678,0,"8bc916a9-3486-412f-a8e3-3f0ff5d88270"],"dcat":{"@type":"dcat:Dataset","accessLevel":"public","bureauCode":["026:00"],"contactPoint":{"@type":"vcard:Contact","fn":"Open Science Data Repository Help Desk","hasEmail":"mailto:arc-dl-osdr-help@mail.nasa.gov"},"description":"As human space exploration accelerates, understanding the organism-wide molecular effects of longer spaceflight in mammals becomes increasingly critical. Non-coding RNAs like miRNAs are key to regulating this landscape. We thus analyzed 686 small RNA samples of mice from 13 solid organs at 3 and 8 months of age, after at least 3 weeks on the ISS and compared them to earth-bound controls. We observed significant spaceflight effects in systemic tissue remodeling pathways along the Fat-Liver-Pancreas axis and in heart, brain, spleen and thymus. The MIR-17/92 and MIR-1/133 families drive distinct molecular changes through specific gene targeting. Age-dependent changes, smaller in magnitude compared to age-independent changes, primarily involved tissue remodeling through MIR-8, MIR-154 and MIR-15 families in MAT, pancreas, and diaphragm. Our findings provide evidence on how spaceflight regulates mammalian gene expression in preparation for interplanetary spaceflight. We sequenced 686 samples across 13 organs of young (3 months) and middle-aged (8 months) mice that were sent to the ISS (Flight). We compared them against mice living in standard conditions (Vivarium Ground Control) and mice living in an environment matched to ISS conditions (Habitat Ground Control). We euthanized mice at two time-points (matching timelines for controls and flight mice), one before returning to earth (TERM) and one after (LAR) in order to distinguish spaceflight-induced effects from the reentry-induced stress.","distribution":[{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/NCBITAXON/10090","format":"BIN","mediaType":"application/octet-stream"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"https://osdr.nasa.gov/bio/repo/data/missions/SpaceX-16","format":"BIN","mediaType":"application/octet-stream"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"https://osdr.nasa.gov/bio/repo/data/studies/OSD-914","format":"BIN","mediaType":"application/octet-stream"}],"identifier":"10.26030/g6aq-7884","keyword":["biological-and-physical-sciences","genelab","nasa"],"license":"https://www.usa.gov/government-works","modified":"2026-08-10","programCode":["026:000"],"publisher":{"@type":"org:Organization","name":"Open Science Data Repository"},"theme":["Biological and Physical Sciences"],"title":"MicroRNAs shape mouse age-independent tissue adaptation to spaceflight via ECM and developmental pathways - Diaphragm data"},"description":"As human space exploration accelerates, understanding the organism-wide molecular effects of longer spaceflight in mammals becomes increasingly critical. Non-coding RNAs like miRNAs are key to regulating this landscape. We thus analyzed 686 small RNA samples of mice from 13 solid organs at 3 and 8 months of age, after at least 3 weeks on the ISS and compared them to earth-bound controls. We observed significant spaceflight effects in systemic tissue remodeling pathways along the Fat-Liver-Pancreas axis and in heart, brain, spleen and thymus. The MIR-17/92 and MIR-1/133 families drive distinct molecular changes through specific gene targeting. Age-dependent changes, smaller in magnitude compared to age-independent changes, primarily involved tissue remodeling through MIR-8, MIR-154 and MIR-15 families in MAT, pancreas, and diaphragm. Our findings provide evidence on how spaceflight regulates mammalian gene expression in preparation for interplanetary spaceflight. We sequenced 686 samples across 13 organs of young (3 months) and middle-aged (8 months) mice that were sent to the ISS (Flight). 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To this end, ten (10) 14-15 weeks-old female B6129SF2/J Wild Type (WT), and ten (10) 14-15 weeks-old female B6;129S2-Cdkn1atm1Tyj/J (p21-null) mice received a pre-flight subcutaneous injection of the bone marker (Alizarin Red), and were then delivered to the ISS aboard SpaceX-21. At 7 days before euthanasia, all 20 mice received an intraperitoneal (IP) injection with a bone formation marker (Calcein). At 48 +/- 2 hours before euthanasia, all 20 mice received an IP injection with a second dose of Calcein as well as a cell proliferation marker (BrdU). Then, following 28-29 days in microgravity, the Flight mice were euthanized. Following removal of hindlimbs, carcasses were wrapped in aluminum foil, preserved in the CryoChiller, and stored at -80 C or colder until return to Earth. In addition to the Flight group, three ground control groups were also part of the study: Basal (representing the pre-launch state), Vivarium (standard vivarium housing for the same duration of time as flight), and Ground (flight habitat in the International Space Station Environment Simulator, ISSES). Twenty mice (10 of each strain) were included in each of these control groups (except Vivarium which included 12 of each strain). These were treated, euthanized and processed on the same schedule and in the same manner as the flight samples. At the end of RR-10 experiment, all frozen carcasses were partially thawed and kidney tissues were removed and preserved by flash freezing in LN2. Kidneys were kept at -80 C freezer until processing. To ensure that both transcriptional profiling and protein expression profiling datasets are representative of the entire kidney, whole kidneys were first pulverized into a fine powder on dry ice. This powder was then split into two equal fractions with half being used for RNA isolation and half being used for protein isolation. RNA was used to generate three different transcriptional profiling datasets: a 3' tag-Seq datasets (20 M clusters at SE 93 bp), a polyA enriched dataset (60 M clusters at PE 150 bp), and a ribodepleted dataset (60 M clusters at PE 150 bp). Protein was used to generate protein expression profiling, and phosphoprotein profiling using the iTRAQ method (Isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation). Transcriptional profiling dataset features WT samples from the Flight, Ground, Basal and Vivarium groups. Protein expression profiling and phosphoprotein profiling datasets exclude the Vivarium group.","distribution":[{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"http://purl.bioontology.org/ontology/NCBITAXON/9606","format":"BIN","mediaType":"application/octet-stream"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"https://osdr.nasa.gov/bio/repo/data/missions/SpaceX-19","format":"BIN","mediaType":"application/octet-stream"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"https://osdr.nasa.gov/bio/repo/data/studies/OSD-871","format":"BIN","mediaType":"application/octet-stream"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE259421","format":"BIN","mediaType":"application/octet-stream"}],"identifier":"10.26030/8g1a-3041","keyword":["biological-and-physical-sciences","genelab","nasa"],"license":"https://www.usa.gov/government-works","modified":"2026-08-10","programCode":["026:000"],"publisher":{"@type":"org:Organization","name":"Open Science Data Repository"},"theme":["Biological and Physical Sciences"],"title":"Transcriptional profiling, protein expression profiling, and phosphoprotein profiling of kidneys from mice flown on the RR-10 mission"},"description":"The objective of the Rodent Research-10 Mission (RR-10) was to investigate how spaceflight affects the cellular and molecular mechanisms of normal bone tissue regeneration in space. To this end, ten (10) 14-15 weeks-old female B6129SF2/J Wild Type (WT), and ten (10) 14-15 weeks-old female B6;129S2-Cdkn1atm1Tyj/J (p21-null) mice received a pre-flight subcutaneous injection of the bone marker (Alizarin Red), and were then delivered to the ISS aboard SpaceX-21. At 7 days before euthanasia, all 20 mice received an intraperitoneal (IP) injection with a bone formation marker (Calcein). At 48 +/- 2 hours before euthanasia, all 20 mice received an IP injection with a second dose of Calcein as well as a cell proliferation marker (BrdU). Then, following 28-29 days in microgravity, the Flight mice were euthanized. Following removal of hindlimbs, carcasses were wrapped in aluminum foil, preserved in the CryoChiller, and stored at -80 C or colder until return to Earth. In addition to the Flight group, three ground control groups were also part of the study: Basal (representing the pre-launch state), Vivarium (standard vivarium housing for the same duration of time as flight), and Ground (flight habitat in the International Space Station Environment Simulator, ISSES). Twenty mice (10 of each strain) were included in each of these control groups (except Vivarium which included 12 of each strain). These were treated, euthanized and processed on the same schedule and in the same manner as the flight samples. At the end of RR-10 experiment, all frozen carcasses were partially thawed and kidney tissues were removed and preserved by flash freezing in LN2. Kidneys were kept at -80 C freezer until processing. To ensure that both transcriptional profiling and protein expression profiling datasets are representative of the entire kidney, whole kidneys were first pulverized into a fine powder on dry ice. This powder was then split into two equal fractions with half being used for RNA isolation and half being used for protein isolation. RNA was used to generate three different transcriptional profiling datasets: a 3' tag-Seq datasets (20 M clusters at SE 93 bp), a polyA enriched dataset (60 M clusters at PE 150 bp), and a ribodepleted dataset (60 M clusters at PE 150 bp). Protein was used to generate protein expression profiling, and phosphoprotein profiling using the iTRAQ method (Isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation). Transcriptional profiling dataset features WT samples from the Flight, Ground, Basal and Vivarium groups. 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The OLCI is a push-broom imaging spectrometer that measures solar radiation reflected by the Earth at a ground spatial resolution of around 300m, over all surfaces, in 21 spectral bands. OLCI is based on the imaging design of ENVISAT's Medium Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MERIS). It has a 1270km wide swath. \n\nFor more information about the instrument and the mission, visit [Sentinel Online](https://sentinel.esa.int/web/sentinel/home). \n\nThe S3B_OL_1_ERR is a Level-1B product. This is composed of an information package map, called a manifest, 22 measurement data files, and seven annotation data files. The 21 measurement data files (one for each band) consist of Top Of Atmosphere (TOA) radiances, calibrated to geophysical units (W.m-2. sr-1 Micro meter-1), georeferenced onto the Earth's surface, and spatially resampled onto an evenly spaced grid. Seven annotation files provide information on illumination and observation geometry, environment data (meteorological data) and quality and classification flags. Both measurement data files and annotation data files are written in netCDF 4 format. The manifest file is in XML format and contains metadata associated with the instrument and the processing. The S3A_OL_1_EFR is generated in Earth Observation (EO) processing mode and all parameters in this product are provided for each re-gridded pixel on the product image and for each removed pixel.\n\nThe OL_1_EFR product package is described below:\n\nElement name             Description\nxfdumanifest.xml        SENTINEL-SAFE product manifest\nOa##_radiance.nc Radiance for OLCI acquisition bands 01 to 21\nTime_coordinates.nc Time stamp annotations\nGeo_coordinates.nc High resolution georeferencing data\nQuality_flags.nc Classification and quality flags\nTie_geo_coordinates.nc Low resolution georeferencing data\nTie_geometries.nc Sun and view angles\nTie_meteo.nc        ECMWF meteorology data\nInstrument_data.nc Instrument data\n\nnote: Oa## represents all the OLCI channels (Oa1 to Oa21).\n\n\nFor more information about the product, read the SENTINEL-3 OLCI [User Guide](https://sentinel.esa.int/web/sentinel/user-guides/sentinel-3-olci)","distribution":[{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","conformsTo":"http://www.isotc211.org/2005/gmi","description":"The metadata's original source.","downloadURL":"https://cmr.earthdata.nasa.gov/search/concepts/C1625657679-LAADS.iso19115","format":"ISO","mediaType":"text/xml","title":"Original Metadata"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"https://ladsweb.modaps.eosdis.nasa.gov/archive/allData/450/S3B_OL_1_ERR/","format":"BIN","mediaType":"application/octet-stream"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"https://search.earthdata.nasa.gov/search/granules?p=C1625657679-LAADS","format":"BIN","mediaType":"application/octet-stream"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"https://sentinel.esa.int/web/sentinel/user-guides/sentinel-3-olci/processing-levels/level-1","format":"BIN","mediaType":"application/octet-stream"}],"identifier":"/SDE/CMR_API/|C1625657679-LAADS","keyword":["earth-science-atmospheric-radiation-atmosphere-reflectance","earth-science-infrared-wavelengths-spectral-engineering-reflected-infrared","earth-science-platform-characteristics-spectral-engineering","earth-science-platform-characteristics-spectral-engineering-attitude-characteristics","earth-science-visible-wavelengths-spectral-engineering-visible-radiance"],"license":"https://www.usa.gov/government-works","modified":"2026-09-15","programCode":["026:000"],"publisher":{"@type":"org:Organization","name":"ESA/ESRIN;NASA/GSFC/SED/ESD/HBSL/BISB/LAADS"},"spatial":"[\"CARTESIAN\", [{\"EastBoundingCoordinate\": 180, \"NorthBoundingCoordinate\": 90, \"SouthBoundingCoordinate\": -90, \"WestBoundingCoordinate\": -180}]]","temporal":"2018-05-14/2026-09-07","theme":["Earth Science"],"title":"OLCI/Sentinel-3B L1 Reduced Resolution Top of Atmosphere Reflectance"},"description":"The OLCI/Sentinel-3B L1 Reduced Resolution Top of Atmosphere Reflectance product, S3B_OL_1_ERR is generated from the data acquired by the Ocean and Land Colour Instrument (OLCI) on board European Earth Observation satellite mission, SENTINEL-3. The OLCI is a push-broom imaging spectrometer that measures solar radiation reflected by the Earth at a ground spatial resolution of around 300m, over all surfaces, in 21 spectral bands. OLCI is based on the imaging design of ENVISAT's Medium Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MERIS). It has a 1270km wide swath. \n\nFor more information about the instrument and the mission, visit [Sentinel Online](https://sentinel.esa.int/web/sentinel/home). \n\nThe S3B_OL_1_ERR is a Level-1B product. This is composed of an information package map, called a manifest, 22 measurement data files, and seven annotation data files. The 21 measurement data files (one for each band) consist of Top Of Atmosphere (TOA) radiances, calibrated to geophysical units (W.m-2. sr-1 Micro meter-1), georeferenced onto the Earth's surface, and spatially resampled onto an evenly spaced grid. Seven annotation files provide information on illumination and observation geometry, environment data (meteorological data) and quality and classification flags. Both measurement data files and annotation data files are written in netCDF 4 format. The manifest file is in XML format and contains metadata associated with the instrument and the processing. The S3A_OL_1_EFR is generated in Earth Observation (EO) processing mode and all parameters in this product are provided for each re-gridded pixel on the product image and for each removed pixel.\n\nThe OL_1_EFR product package is described below:\n\nElement name             Description\nxfdumanifest.xml        SENTINEL-SAFE product manifest\nOa##_radiance.nc Radiance for OLCI acquisition bands 01 to 21\nTime_coordinates.nc Time stamp annotations\nGeo_coordinates.nc High resolution georeferencing data\nQuality_flags.nc Classification and quality flags\nTie_geo_coordinates.nc Low resolution georeferencing data\nTie_geometries.nc Sun and view angles\nTie_meteo.nc        ECMWF meteorology data\nInstrument_data.nc Instrument data\n\nnote: Oa## represents all the OLCI channels (Oa1 to Oa21).\n\n\nFor more information about the product, read the SENTINEL-3 OLCI [User Guide](https://sentinel.esa.int/web/sentinel/user-guides/sentinel-3-olci)","distribution_titles":["Original Metadata"],"harvest_record":"https://catalog.data.gov/harvest_record/6cf75568-0b22-497b-9078-0ea1d7142c39","harvest_record_raw":"https://catalog.data.gov/harvest_record/6cf75568-0b22-497b-9078-0ea1d7142c39/raw","has_download":true,"has_spatial":true,"identifier":"/SDE/CMR_API/|C1625657679-LAADS","keyword":["earth-science-atmospheric-radiation-atmosphere-reflectance","earth-science-infrared-wavelengths-spectral-engineering-reflected-infrared","earth-science-platform-characteristics-spectral-engineering","earth-science-platform-characteristics-spectral-engineering-attitude-characteristics","earth-science-visible-wavelengths-spectral-engineering-visible-radiance"],"last_harvested_date":"2026-09-23T01:06:15.926875","organization":{"aliases":[""],"code_repo_exempt":false,"code_repo_url":null,"description":null,"id":"f4ca4614-8901-409b-8553-2e994ad10023","logo":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/GSA/logo/refs/heads/master/nasa.png","name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","organization_type":"Federal Government","slug":"nasa"},"parent_identifier":null,"popularity":2,"publisher":"ESA/ESRIN;NASA/GSFC/SED/ESD/HBSL/BISB/LAADS","slug":"olci-sentinel-3b-l1-reduced-resolution-top-of-atmosphere-reflectance-50edd","spatial_centroid":null,"spatial_shape":null,"theme":["Earth Science"],"title":"OLCI/Sentinel-3B L1 Reduced Resolution Top of Atmosphere Reflectance","type":"dataset"},{"_score":7.3973446,"_sort":[1790125571342,7.3973446,1,"d3bd8606-8636-4652-91c2-83d009fe3eb0"],"dcat":{"@type":"dcat:Dataset","accessLevel":"public","bureauCode":["026:00"],"contactPoint":{"@type":"vcard:Contact","fn":"Earthdata Forum","hasEmail":"mailto:earthdata-support@nasa.gov"},"description":"TOLNet_JPL_Data are lidar data collected by several ozone Differential Absorption Lidar instruments developed at the NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory Table Mountain Facility (JPL-TMF). A fixed location instrument named TMTOL has been contributing ozone profiles to the Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change (NDACC), and the Tropospheric Ozone Lidar Network (TOLNet) since 2000. Five mobile instruments (SMOL-1, SMOL-2, SMOL-3, SMOL-4 and SMOL-5) started contributing ozone profiles to TOLNet in 2023, 2024 and 2025, depending on the instrument. Data collection for this product from all lidar instruments is ongoing.\n\nIn the troposphere, ozone is considered a pollutant and is important to understand due to its harmful effects on human health and vegetation. Tropospheric ozone is also significant for its impact on climate as a greenhouse gas. Operating since 2011, TOLNet is an interagency collaboration between NASA, NOAA, and the EPA designed to perform studies of air quality and atmospheric modeling as well as validation and interpretation of satellite observations. TOLNet is currently comprised of seven Differential Absorption Lidars (DIAL). Each of the lidars are unique, and some have had a long history of ozone observations prior to joining the network. Five lidars are mobile systems that can be deployed at remote locations to support field campaigns. This includes the Langley Mobile Ozone Lidar (LMOL) at NASA Langley Research Center (LaRC), the Tropospheric Ozone (TROPOZ) lidar at the Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), the Tunable Optical Profile for Aerosol and oZone (TOPAZ) lidar at the NOAA Chemical Sciences Laboratory (CSL) in Boulder, Colorado, the Autonomous Mobile Ozone LIDAR instrument for Tropospheric Experiments (AMOLITE) lidar at Environment and Climate Change Canada (ECCC) in Toronto, Canada, and the Rocket-city O3 Quality Evaluation in the Troposphere (RO3QET) lidar at the University of Alabama in Huntsville, Alabama. The remaining lidars, the Table Mountain Facility (TMF) tropospheric ozone lidar system located at the NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), and City College of New York (CCNY) New York Tropospheric Ozone Lidar System (NYTOLS) are fixed systems.\n\nTOLNet seeks to address three science objectives. The primary objective of the network is to provide high spatio-temporal measurements of ozone from near the surface to the top of the troposphere. Detailed observations of ozone structure allow science teams and the modeling community to better understand ozone in the lower-atmosphere and to assess the accuracy and vertical resolution with which geosynchronous instruments could retrieve the observed laminar ozone structures. Another objective of TOLNet is to identify an ozone lidar instrument design that would be suitable to address the needs of NASA, NOAA, and EPA air quality scientists who express a desire for these ozone profiles. The third objective of TOLNET is to perform basic scientific research into the processes create and destroy the ubiquitously observed ozone laminae and other ozone features in the troposphere. To help fulfill these objectives, lidars that are a part of TOLNet have been deployed to support nearly ten campaigns thus far. This includes campaigns such as the Deriving Information on Surface conditions from Column and Vertically Resolved Observations Relevant to Air Quality (DISCOVER-AQ) mission, the Korea United States Air Quality Study (KORUS-AQ), the Tracking Aerosol Convection ExpeRiment \u2013 Air Quality (TRACER-AQ) campaign, the Front Range Air Pollution and Photochemistry \u00c9xperiment (FRAPP\u00c9), the Long Island Sound Tropospheric Ozone Study (LISTOS), and the Ozone Water\u2013Land Environmental Transition Study (OWLETS).","distribution":[{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","conformsTo":"http://www.isotc211.org/2005/gmi","description":"The metadata's original source.","downloadURL":"https://cmr.earthdata.nasa.gov/search/concepts/C3880797717-LARC_CLOUD.iso19115","format":"ISO","mediaType":"text/xml","title":"Original Metadata"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"https://amt.copernicus.org/articles/18/405/2025/","format":"BIN","mediaType":"application/octet-stream"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"https://asdc.larc.nasa.gov/citing-data","format":"BIN","mediaType":"application/octet-stream"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"https://asdc.larc.nasa.gov/outreach-material/introduction-to-tolnet-storymap","format":"BIN","mediaType":"application/octet-stream"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"https://asdc.larc.nasa.gov/outreach-material/tolnet-stratospheric-intrusion-storymap","format":"BIN","mediaType":"application/octet-stream"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"https://asdc.larc.nasa.gov/wagdocuments/473/TOLNet_Lidars_and_Corresponding_Campaigns.docx","format":"BIN","mediaType":"application/octet-stream"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"https://cmr.earthdata.nasa.gov/virtual-directory/collections/C3880797717-LARC_CLOUD","format":"BIN","mediaType":"application/octet-stream"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"https://doi.org/10.1175/JTECH-D-10-05043.1","format":"BIN","mediaType":"application/octet-stream"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"https://doi.org/10.1175/JTECH-D-10-05044.1","format":"BIN","mediaType":"application/octet-stream"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.41.007550","format":"BIN","mediaType":"application/octet-stream"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"https://doi.org/10.5067/Lidar/Ozone/TOLNet/NASA-JPL","format":"HTML","mediaType":"text/html"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-10-3865-2017","format":"HTML","mediaType":"text/html"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-6-801-2013","format":"HTML","mediaType":"text/html"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-7-3529-2014","format":"HTML","mediaType":"text/html"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"https://dx.doi.org/10.1364/AO.52.003557","format":"BIN","mediaType":"application/octet-stream"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"https://search.earthdata.nasa.gov/search/granules?p=C3880797717-LARC_CLOUD","format":"BIN","mediaType":"application/octet-stream"}],"identifier":"10.5067/Lidar/Ozone/TOLNet/NASA-JPL","keyword":["earth-science-air-quality-atmosphere-tropospheric-ozone","earth-science-atmospheric-chemistry-atmosphere-oxygen-compounds","earth-science-atmospheric-chemistry-atmosphere-trace-gases-trace-species"],"license":"https://www.usa.gov/government-works","modified":"2026-09-15","programCode":["026:000"],"publisher":{"@type":"org:Organization","name":"NASA/LARC/SD/ASDC"},"spatial":"[\"CARTESIAN\", [{\"WestBoundingCoordinate\": -118.2, \"EastBoundingCoordinate\": 4.93, \"SouthBoundingCoordinate\": 29.71, \"NorthBoundingCoordinate\": 51.98}]]","temporal":"2000-01-04/2026-09-07","theme":["Earth Science"],"title":"TOLNet NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory Data"},"description":"TOLNet_JPL_Data are lidar data collected by several ozone Differential Absorption Lidar instruments developed at the NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory Table Mountain Facility (JPL-TMF). A fixed location instrument named TMTOL has been contributing ozone profiles to the Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change (NDACC), and the Tropospheric Ozone Lidar Network (TOLNet) since 2000. Five mobile instruments (SMOL-1, SMOL-2, SMOL-3, SMOL-4 and SMOL-5) started contributing ozone profiles to TOLNet in 2023, 2024 and 2025, depending on the instrument. Data collection for this product from all lidar instruments is ongoing.\n\nIn the troposphere, ozone is considered a pollutant and is important to understand due to its harmful effects on human health and vegetation. Tropospheric ozone is also significant for its impact on climate as a greenhouse gas. Operating since 2011, TOLNet is an interagency collaboration between NASA, NOAA, and the EPA designed to perform studies of air quality and atmospheric modeling as well as validation and interpretation of satellite observations. TOLNet is currently comprised of seven Differential Absorption Lidars (DIAL). Each of the lidars are unique, and some have had a long history of ozone observations prior to joining the network. Five lidars are mobile systems that can be deployed at remote locations to support field campaigns. This includes the Langley Mobile Ozone Lidar (LMOL) at NASA Langley Research Center (LaRC), the Tropospheric Ozone (TROPOZ) lidar at the Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), the Tunable Optical Profile for Aerosol and oZone (TOPAZ) lidar at the NOAA Chemical Sciences Laboratory (CSL) in Boulder, Colorado, the Autonomous Mobile Ozone LIDAR instrument for Tropospheric Experiments (AMOLITE) lidar at Environment and Climate Change Canada (ECCC) in Toronto, Canada, and the Rocket-city O3 Quality Evaluation in the Troposphere (RO3QET) lidar at the University of Alabama in Huntsville, Alabama. The remaining lidars, the Table Mountain Facility (TMF) tropospheric ozone lidar system located at the NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), and City College of New York (CCNY) New York Tropospheric Ozone Lidar System (NYTOLS) are fixed systems.\n\nTOLNet seeks to address three science objectives. The primary objective of the network is to provide high spatio-temporal measurements of ozone from near the surface to the top of the troposphere. Detailed observations of ozone structure allow science teams and the modeling community to better understand ozone in the lower-atmosphere and to assess the accuracy and vertical resolution with which geosynchronous instruments could retrieve the observed laminar ozone structures. Another objective of TOLNet is to identify an ozone lidar instrument design that would be suitable to address the needs of NASA, NOAA, and EPA air quality scientists who express a desire for these ozone profiles. The third objective of TOLNET is to perform basic scientific research into the processes create and destroy the ubiquitously observed ozone laminae and other ozone features in the troposphere. To help fulfill these objectives, lidars that are a part of TOLNet have been deployed to support nearly ten campaigns thus far. This includes campaigns such as the Deriving Information on Surface conditions from Column and Vertically Resolved Observations Relevant to Air Quality (DISCOVER-AQ) mission, the Korea United States Air Quality Study (KORUS-AQ), the Tracking Aerosol Convection ExpeRiment \u2013 Air Quality (TRACER-AQ) campaign, the Front Range Air Pollution and Photochemistry \u00c9xperiment (FRAPP\u00c9), the Long Island Sound Tropospheric Ozone Study (LISTOS), and the Ozone Water\u2013Land Environmental Transition Study (OWLETS).","distribution_titles":["Original Metadata"],"harvest_record":"https://catalog.data.gov/harvest_record/2d561162-8f35-47cf-b75b-aef3f08de501","harvest_record_raw":"https://catalog.data.gov/harvest_record/2d561162-8f35-47cf-b75b-aef3f08de501/raw","has_download":true,"has_spatial":true,"identifier":"10.5067/Lidar/Ozone/TOLNet/NASA-JPL","keyword":["earth-science-air-quality-atmosphere-tropospheric-ozone","earth-science-atmospheric-chemistry-atmosphere-oxygen-compounds","earth-science-atmospheric-chemistry-atmosphere-trace-gases-trace-species"],"last_harvested_date":"2026-09-23T01:06:11.342306","organization":{"aliases":[""],"code_repo_exempt":false,"code_repo_url":null,"description":null,"id":"f4ca4614-8901-409b-8553-2e994ad10023","logo":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/GSA/logo/refs/heads/master/nasa.png","name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","organization_type":"Federal Government","slug":"nasa"},"parent_identifier":null,"popularity":1,"publisher":"NASA/LARC/SD/ASDC","slug":"tolnet-nasa-jet-propulsion-laboratory-data","spatial_centroid":null,"spatial_shape":null,"theme":["Earth Science"],"title":"TOLNet NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory Data","type":"dataset"},{"_score":38.790157,"_sort":[1790125563447,38.790157,1,"de4f5504-f611-4266-aba4-f97c5e6c1e59"],"dcat":{"@type":"dcat:Dataset","accessLevel":"public","bureauCode":["026:00"],"contactPoint":{"@type":"vcard:Contact","fn":"Earthdata Forum","hasEmail":"mailto:earthdata-support@nasa.gov"},"description":"Version 07 is the current version of the data set. Older versions will no longer be available and have been superseded by Version 07.\n.\n\nThis is environmental data that includes the profiles of atmospheric parameters assumed in the L2 retrieval algorithm.\n\nThe 2AKa algorithm provides precipitation estimates from the Ka radar of the Dual-Frequency Precipitation Radar on the core GPM spacecraft. The product contains two swaths of data corresponding to the scans of the Ka radar. \n\nThe first swath contains matched scans (MS), which are intended to be co-aligned with the Ku-band instantaneous fields of view (IFOV). The second swath contains the high-sensitivity scans (HS), which are interleaved between the Ku/Ka-MS swaths. Both swaths are narrow and centered within the interior of the Ku swath. \n\nThis is a single-frequency retrieval of precipitation; no information from the Ku radar is used. The retrievals are performed at each radar range bin along the slant path of the radar IFOV for each swath. This is a single-frequency retrieval that relies on Ka-band data only. While the 2ADPR dual-frequency retrieval should give better overall estimates, that algorithm requires co-aligned Ku-band data. This 2AKa product will be produced independently and would not be impacted by any operational issues with the Ku-band radar. The high sensitivity to smaller hydrometeors should result in precipitation estimates in lighter precipitation than the Ku-only data.","distribution":[{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","conformsTo":"http://www.isotc211.org/2005/gmi","description":"The metadata's original source.","downloadURL":"https://cmr.earthdata.nasa.gov/search/concepts/C2179301732-GES_DISC.iso19115","format":"ISO","mediaType":"text/xml","title":"Original Metadata"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"https://cmr.earthdata.nasa.gov/virtual-directory/collections/C2179301732-GES_DISC/temporal","format":"BIN","mediaType":"application/octet-stream"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"https://disc.gsfc.nasa.gov/datacollection/GPM_2AKaENV_07.html","format":"HTML","mediaType":"text/html"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"https://docserver.gesdisc.eosdis.nasa.gov/public/project/GPM/browse/GPM_2AKaENV.png","format":"PNG","mediaType":"image/png"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"https://gpm.nasa.gov","format":"BIN","mediaType":"application/octet-stream"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"https://gpmweb2https.pps.eosdis.nasa.gov/pub/GPMfilespec/filespec.GPM.pdf","format":"PDF","mediaType":"application/pdf"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"https://gpmweb2https.pps.eosdis.nasa.gov/tsdis/AB/docs/gpm_anomalous.html","format":"HTML","mediaType":"text/html"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"https://pps.gsfc.nasa.gov/gpminstruments.html","format":"HTML","mediaType":"text/html"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"https://search.earthdata.nasa.gov/search/granules?p=C2179301732-GES_DISC","format":"BIN","mediaType":"application/octet-stream"}],"identifier":"/SDE/CMR_API/|C2179301732-GES_DISC","keyword":["earth-science-atmospheric-water-vapor-atmosphere","earth-science-precipitation-atmosphere"],"license":"https://www.usa.gov/government-works","modified":"2026-09-15","programCode":["026:000"],"publisher":{"@type":"org:Organization","name":"NASA/GSFC/SED/ESD/TISL/GESDISC"},"spatial":"[\"GEODETIC\", [{\"WestBoundingCoordinate\": -180, \"NorthBoundingCoordinate\": 70, \"EastBoundingCoordinate\": 180, \"SouthBoundingCoordinate\": -70}]]","temporal":"2014-03-08/2026-03-01","theme":["Earth Science"],"title":"GPM DPR Ka Environment L2A 1.5 hours 5 km V07 (GPM_2AKaENV)"},"description":"Version 07 is the current version of the data set. Older versions will no longer be available and have been superseded by Version 07.\n.\n\nThis is environmental data that includes the profiles of atmospheric parameters assumed in the L2 retrieval algorithm.\n\nThe 2AKa algorithm provides precipitation estimates from the Ka radar of the Dual-Frequency Precipitation Radar on the core GPM spacecraft. The product contains two swaths of data corresponding to the scans of the Ka radar. \n\nThe first swath contains matched scans (MS), which are intended to be co-aligned with the Ku-band instantaneous fields of view (IFOV). The second swath contains the high-sensitivity scans (HS), which are interleaved between the Ku/Ka-MS swaths. Both swaths are narrow and centered within the interior of the Ku swath. \n\nThis is a single-frequency retrieval of precipitation; no information from the Ku radar is used. The retrievals are performed at each radar range bin along the slant path of the radar IFOV for each swath. This is a single-frequency retrieval that relies on Ka-band data only. While the 2ADPR dual-frequency retrieval should give better overall estimates, that algorithm requires co-aligned Ku-band data. This 2AKa product will be produced independently and would not be impacted by any operational issues with the Ku-band radar. 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The crop growth stage data were derived using crop calendars generated by the Center for Sustainability and the Global Environment ([SAGE](https://nelson.wisc.edu/sage/)), University of Wisconsin-Madison. \n\nProvided in the CSV file is the spectral library including image information, geographic coordinates, corresponding agroecological zone, crop type labels, and crop growth stage labels for the United States.","distribution":[{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","conformsTo":"http://www.isotc211.org/2005/gmi","description":"The metadata's original source.","downloadURL":"https://cmr.earthdata.nasa.gov/search/concepts/C2763264663-LPCLOUD.iso19115","format":"ISO","mediaType":"text/xml","title":"Original Metadata"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"https://doi.org/10.5067/Community/GHISA/GHISACONUS.001","format":"BIN","mediaType":"application/octet-stream"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"https://lpdaac.usgs.gov/documents/463/GHISACONUS_V1_Codes.zip","format":"ZIP","mediaType":"application/zip"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"https://lpdaac.usgs.gov/documents/609/GHISACONUS_User_Guide_V1.pdf","format":"PDF","mediaType":"application/pdf"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"https://lpdaac.usgs.gov/documents/610/GHISACONUS_ATBD.pdf","format":"PDF","mediaType":"application/pdf"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"https://search.earthdata.nasa.gov/search/granules?p=C2763264663-LPCLOUD","format":"BIN","mediaType":"application/octet-stream"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"https://www.earthdata.nasa.gov/centers/lp-daac","format":"BIN","mediaType":"application/octet-stream"}],"identifier":"10.5067/Community/GHISA/GHISACONUS.001","keyword":["earth-science-agricultural-plant-science-agriculture"],"license":"https://www.usa.gov/government-works","modified":"2026-09-15","programCode":["026:000"],"publisher":{"@type":"org:Organization","name":"DOI/USGS/WGSC;LP DAAC"},"spatial":"[\"CARTESIAN\", [{\"NorthBoundingCoordinate\": 49, \"WestBoundingCoordinate\": -125, \"EastBoundingCoordinate\": -67, \"SouthBoundingCoordinate\": 24}]]","temporal":"2008-01-01/2015-12-31","theme":["Earth Science"],"title":"Global Hyperspectral Imaging Spectral-library of Agricultural crops for Conterminous United States V001"},"description":"The Global Hyperspectral Imaging Spectral-library of Agricultural crops (GHISA) is a comprehensive compilation, collation, harmonization, and standardization of hyperspectral signatures of agricultural crops of the world. 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The GHISA hyperspectral library of the five major agricultural crops (e.g., winter wheat, rice, corn, soybeans, and cotton) for CONUS was developed using Earth Observing-1 (EO-1) Hyperion hyperspectral data acquired from 2008 through 2015 from different AEZs of CONUS using the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Cropland Data Layer ([CDL](https://nassgeodata.gmu.edu/CropScape/)) as reference data.\n\nGHISACONUS is comprised of seven AEZs throughout the United States covering the major agricultural crops in six different growth stages: emergence/very early vegetative (Emerge VEarly), early and mid vegetative (Early Mid), late vegetative (Late), critical, maturing/senescence (Mature Senesc), and harvest. The crop growth stage data were derived using crop calendars generated by the Center for Sustainability and the Global Environment ([SAGE](https://nelson.wisc.edu/sage/)), University of Wisconsin-Madison. \n\nProvided in the CSV file is the spectral library including image information, geographic coordinates, corresponding agroecological zone, crop type labels, and crop growth stage labels for the United States.","distribution_titles":["Original Metadata"],"harvest_record":"https://catalog.data.gov/harvest_record/d617dde1-93a7-4867-9ccc-ec7964963d7d","harvest_record_raw":"https://catalog.data.gov/harvest_record/d617dde1-93a7-4867-9ccc-ec7964963d7d/raw","has_download":true,"has_spatial":true,"identifier":"10.5067/Community/GHISA/GHISACONUS.001","keyword":["earth-science-agricultural-plant-science-agriculture"],"last_harvested_date":"2026-09-23T01:01:38.910032","organization":{"aliases":[""],"code_repo_exempt":false,"code_repo_url":null,"description":null,"id":"f4ca4614-8901-409b-8553-2e994ad10023","logo":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/GSA/logo/refs/heads/master/nasa.png","name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","organization_type":"Federal Government","slug":"nasa"},"parent_identifier":null,"popularity":10,"publisher":"DOI/USGS/WGSC;LP DAAC","slug":"global-hyperspectral-imaging-spectral-library-of-agricultural-crops-for-conterminous-unite","spatial_centroid":null,"spatial_shape":null,"theme":["Earth Science"],"title":"Global Hyperspectral Imaging Spectral-library of Agricultural crops for Conterminous United States V001","type":"dataset"},{"_score":15.821318,"_sort":[1790125297587,15.821318,1,"9fdc568e-27db-4eeb-84fe-523f6871065a"],"dcat":{"@type":"dcat:Dataset","accessLevel":"public","bureauCode":["026:00"],"contactPoint":{"@type":"vcard:Contact","fn":"Earthdata Forum","hasEmail":"mailto:earthdata-support@nasa.gov"},"description":"The GPM Ground Validation KTWX NEXRAD MC3E dataset was collected from April 22, 2011 to June 6, 2011 for the Midlatitude Continental Convective Clouds Experiment (MC3E) which took place in central Oklahoma. 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Those channels are used as input to the baseline active fire detection product, which provides continuity to the EOS/MODIS 1 km Fire and Thermal Anomalies product.\n\n\nThe VIIRS 375 m fire detection data is a Level 2 product based on the input Science Data Record (SDR) Level 1 swath format. The NRT product is currently available through NASA's Land, Atmosphere Near real-time Capability for EOS (LANCE).  The data are formatted as NetCDF4 files.  Complementary ASCII files containing the short list of fire pixels detected are also available through LANCE FIRMS processing systems.\n\n\nFor more information read:\nSchroeder, W., Oliva, P., Giglio, L., & Csiszar, I. A. (2014). The New VIIRS 375m active fire detection data product: algorithm description and initial assessment. 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BARREL observations collected near latitudes close to either the antarctic and arctic circles at stratospheric altitudes at about 30 km. The BARREL instrumentation provided the first balloon measurements of relativistic electron precipitation while comprehensive in situ measurements of both plasma waves and energetic particles were available. Also, the BARREL data has been used to characterize the spatial scale of precipitation at relativistic energies.\n\nThe initial pair of balloon campaigns that were conducted initially during the Austral summer months of January and February of 2013 and 2014 with launches from two stations located in Antarctica: the British base located at Halley Bay on the Brunt Ice Shelf and the South African SANAE IV base (SANAE stand for South African National Antarctic Expedition) located in Vesleskarvet, Queen Maud Land. For the 2013 and 2014 the balloon campaigns, the launch plan was designed to maintain an array with about five payloads spread across about six hours of magnetic local time, MLT, in the region that magnetically maps to the radiation belts. Thus, the BARREL balloon constellation constituted an evolving and slowly moving array able to study relativistic electron precipitation from the radiation belts.\n\nLater campaigns were undertaken in 2015 and 2016 from the Esrange Space Center located in Kiruna, Sweden. The 2015 and 2016 campaigns were undertaken in coordination with the Van Allen Probes mission, the European Incoherent Scatter Scientific Association, EISCAT, incoherent scatter radar system, and other ground and space based instruments. Seven balloon launches occurred during the August 2015 BARREL campaign. A total of eight flights occurred during August 2016.\n\nSumming over the four BARREL campaigns, over 50 small, approximately 20 kg, stratospheric balloons were successively launched. The website creeated and hosted by A.J. Halford (see Information URL below) reports that: \"By the end of the campaigns, there were over 90 researchers coordinating on a daily basis with the BARREL team working on 7 different satellite missions, 1 other balloon mission, and way too many ground based instruments to count.\" Although the BARREL mission launched only balloons during the years from 2013 to 2016, research using data collected on these flights is ongoing, so stay tuned for updates! All data and analysis software are freely available to the scientific community.\n\nThe information listed above in this resource description was compiled by referencing several BARREL related resources including primarily the Millan et al. 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This will help you ensure that your science results are valid.\n\n* Users should always use the highest version numbers of data and analysis tools. Browse/quick-look plots are not intended for science analysis or publication and should not be used for those purposes without consent of the principal investigator, PI.\n* Users should notify the BARREL PI of the data use and investigation objectives. This will ensure that you are using the data appropriately and have the most recent version of the data or analysis routines. 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SWIRE surveys 6 high-latitude fields, totaling ~50 sq. deg. in all 7 Spitzer bands: 3.6, 4.5, 5.8, and 8 microns with IRAC and 24, 70, and 160 microns with MIPS (Lonsdale et al. 2003). The SWIRE Legacy Extragalactic Source Catalogs will eventually contain in excess of 2 million IR-selected galaxies, from those dominated by the light of stellar populations detected primarily by IRAC, to starbursts, ultra-luminous infrared galaxies and AGN detected also by MIPS.\\n\\nThe main SWIRE catalogs for 24 micron data are the Optical-IRAC-MIPS24 bandmerged catalogs. The bandmerged catalogs require a detection in the shortest IRAC band (3.6 microns). 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Geographic coordinates are obtained from an onboard Global Positioning System, GPS, unit. Magnetic coordinates are derived by using the International Radiation Belt Environment Modeling, IRBEM, FORTRAN library.\n\nThe BARREL Mission was a multiple-balloon investigation designed to study electron losses from Earth's Radiation Belts. Selected as a NASA Living with a Star Mission of Opportunity, BARREL was designed to augment the Radiation Belt Storm Probes, RBSP, mission by providing measurements of the spatial and temporal variations of electron precipitation from the radiation belts. The RBSP mission has since been renamed the Van Allen Probes mission. Each BARREL balloon carried an X-ray spectrometer to measure the bremsstrahlung X-rays produced by precipitating relativistic electrons as they collide with neutrals in the atmosphere, and a DC magnetometer to measure ULF-timescale variations of the magnetic field. BARREL observations collected near latitudes close to either the antarctic and arctic circles at stratospheric altitudes at about 30 km. The BARREL instrumentation provided the first balloon measurements of relativistic electron precipitation while comprehensive in situ measurements of both plasma waves and energetic particles were available. Also, the BARREL data has been used to characterize the spatial scale of precipitation at relativistic energies.\n\nThe initial pair of balloon campaigns that were conducted initially during the Austral summer months of January and February of 2013 and 2014 with launches from two stations located in Antarctica: the British base located at Halley Bay on the Brunt Ice Shelf and the South African SANAE IV base (SANAE stand for South African National Antarctic Expedition) located in Vesleskarvet, Queen Maud Land. For the 2013 and 2014 the balloon campaigns, the launch plan was designed to maintain an array with about five payloads spread across about six hours of magnetic local time, MLT, in the region that magnetically maps to the radiation belts. Thus, the BARREL balloon constellation constituted an evolving and slowly moving array able to study relativistic electron precipitation from the radiation belts.\n\nLater campaigns were undertaken in 2015 and 2016 from the Esrange Space Center located in Kiruna, Sweden. The 2015 and 2016 campaigns were undertaken in coordination with the Van Allen Probes mission, the European Incoherent Scatter Scientific Association, EISCAT, incoherent scatter radar system, and other ground and space based instruments. Seven balloon launches occurred during the August 2015 BARREL campaign. A total of eight flights occurred during August 2016.\n\nSumming over the four BARREL campaigns, over 50 small, approximately 20 kg, stratospheric balloons were successively launched. The website creeated and hosted by A.J. Halford (see Information URL below) reports that: \"By the end of the campaigns, there were over 90 researchers coordinating on a daily basis with the BARREL team working on 7 different satellite missions, 1 other balloon mission, and way too many ground based instruments to count.\" Although the BARREL mission launched only balloons during the years from 2013 to 2016, research using data collected on these flights is ongoing, so stay tuned for updates! All data and analysis software are freely available to the scientific community.\n\nThe information listed above in this resource description was compiled by referencing several BARREL related resources including primarily the Millan et al. 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This will help you ensure that your science results are valid.\n\n* Users should always use the highest version numbers of data and analysis tools. Browse/quick-look plots are not intended for science analysis or publication and should not be used for those purposes without consent of the principal investigator, PI.\n* Users should notify the BARREL PI of the data use and investigation objectives. This will ensure that you are using the data appropriately and have the most recent version of the data or analysis routines. Additionally, if a BARREL team member is already working on a similar or related topic, they may be able to contribute intellectually.\n* If BARREL team members are not part of the author list, then users should Credit/Acknowledge the BARREL team as follows: We acknowledge the BARREL team (PI: Robyn Millan) for use of BARREL data.\n* Users are also requested to provide the PI with a copy of each manuscript that uses BARREL data upon submission of that manuscript for consideration of publication. On publication, the citation should be transmitted to the PI.\n\nThe BARREL PI can be contacted at: Robyn.Millan@dartmouth.edu.\n\nAn online copy of the BARREL Data Usage Policy document can be found at: https://barrel.rmillan.host.dartmouth.edu/documents/data.use.policy.pdf.","distribution":[{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"ftps://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/barrel/l2/4b/ephem/","format":"BIN","mediaType":"application/octet-stream"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"http://relativisticballoons.blogspot.com","format":"BIN","mediaType":"application/octet-stream"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"https://alexahalford.weebly.com/barrel-2013---2016.html","format":"HTML","mediaType":"text/html"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"https://barrel.rmillan.host.dartmouth.edu/documents/data.use.policy.pdf","format":"PDF","mediaType":"application/pdf"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"https://barrel.rmillan.host.dartmouth.edu/index.html","format":"HTML","mediaType":"text/html"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/cgi-bin/eval2.cgi?dataset=BAR_4B_L2_EPHM&index=sp_phys","format":"BIN","mediaType":"application/octet-stream"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/barrel/Campaigns_and_launches.txt","format":"TXT","mediaType":"text/plain"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11214-013-9971-z","format":"HTML","mediaType":"text/html"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"https://github.com/PRBEM/IRBEM","format":"BIN","mediaType":"application/octet-stream"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"https://helio.data.nasa.gov/dataset/BARREL_4B_Ephemeris_L2_PT4S","format":"BIN","mediaType":"application/octet-stream"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"https://hpde.io/NASA/NumericalData/BARREL/4B/Ephemeris/L2/PT4S","format":"BIN","mediaType":"application/octet-stream"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"https://prbem.github.io/IRBEM/","format":"BIN","mediaType":"application/octet-stream"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/barrel/l2/4b/ephem/","format":"BIN","mediaType":"application/octet-stream"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"https://www.nasa.gov/mission-pages/rbsp/barrel/","format":"BIN","mediaType":"application/octet-stream"}],"identifier":"https://doi.org/10.48322/501n-7c49","keyword":["ephemeris","instrumentstatus"],"landingPage":"https://doi.org/10.48322/501n-7c49","license":"https://www.usa.gov/government-works","modified":"2026-09-21","programCode":["026:000"],"publisher":{"@type":"org:Organization","name":"SPDF"},"theme":["Heliophysics"],"title":"BARREL 4B Ephemeris (EPHM) Geographic and Magnetic Coordinates, Level 2, 4 s Data"},"description":"Geographic and Magnetic Coordinates: The ephemeris data products, which include the balloon epoch time, latitude, longitude, and altitude, are each returned from the payload once every 4s. 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BARREL observations collected near latitudes close to either the antarctic and arctic circles at stratospheric altitudes at about 30 km. The BARREL instrumentation provided the first balloon measurements of relativistic electron precipitation while comprehensive in situ measurements of both plasma waves and energetic particles were available. Also, the BARREL data has been used to characterize the spatial scale of precipitation at relativistic energies.\n\nThe initial pair of balloon campaigns that were conducted initially during the Austral summer months of January and February of 2013 and 2014 with launches from two stations located in Antarctica: the British base located at Halley Bay on the Brunt Ice Shelf and the South African SANAE IV base (SANAE stand for South African National Antarctic Expedition) located in Vesleskarvet, Queen Maud Land. For the 2013 and 2014 the balloon campaigns, the launch plan was designed to maintain an array with about five payloads spread across about six hours of magnetic local time, MLT, in the region that magnetically maps to the radiation belts. Thus, the BARREL balloon constellation constituted an evolving and slowly moving array able to study relativistic electron precipitation from the radiation belts.\n\nLater campaigns were undertaken in 2015 and 2016 from the Esrange Space Center located in Kiruna, Sweden. The 2015 and 2016 campaigns were undertaken in coordination with the Van Allen Probes mission, the European Incoherent Scatter Scientific Association, EISCAT, incoherent scatter radar system, and other ground and space based instruments. Seven balloon launches occurred during the August 2015 BARREL campaign. 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Additionally, if a BARREL team member is already working on a similar or related topic, they may be able to contribute intellectually.\n* If BARREL team members are not part of the author list, then users should Credit/Acknowledge the BARREL team as follows: We acknowledge the BARREL team (PI: Robyn Millan) for use of BARREL data.\n* Users are also requested to provide the PI with a copy of each manuscript that uses BARREL data upon submission of that manuscript for consideration of publication. 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BARREL observations collected near latitudes close to either the antarctic and arctic circles at stratospheric altitudes at about 30 km. The BARREL instrumentation provided the first balloon measurements of relativistic electron precipitation while comprehensive in situ measurements of both plasma waves and energetic particles were available. Also, the BARREL data has been used to characterize the spatial scale of precipitation at relativistic energies.\n\nThe initial pair of balloon campaigns that were conducted initially during the Austral summer months of January and February of 2013 and 2014 with launches from two stations located in Antarctica: the British base located at Halley Bay on the Brunt Ice Shelf and the South African SANAE IV base (SANAE stand for South African National Antarctic Expedition) located in Vesleskarvet, Queen Maud Land. For the 2013 and 2014 the balloon campaigns, the launch plan was designed to maintain an array with about five payloads spread across about six hours of magnetic local time, MLT, in the region that magnetically maps to the radiation belts. Thus, the BARREL balloon constellation constituted an evolving and slowly moving array able to study relativistic electron precipitation from the radiation belts.\n\nLater campaigns were undertaken in 2015 and 2016 from the Esrange Space Center located in Kiruna, Sweden. The 2015 and 2016 campaigns were undertaken in coordination with the Van Allen Probes mission, the European Incoherent Scatter Scientific Association, EISCAT, incoherent scatter radar system, and other ground and space based instruments. Seven balloon launches occurred during the August 2015 BARREL campaign. A total of eight flights occurred during August 2016.\n\nSumming over the four BARREL campaigns, over 50 small, approximately 20 kg, stratospheric balloons were successively launched. The website creeated and hosted by A.J. Halford (see Information URL below) reports that: \"By the end of the campaigns, there were over 90 researchers coordinating on a daily basis with the BARREL team working on 7 different satellite missions, 1 other balloon mission, and way too many ground based instruments to count.\" Although the BARREL mission launched only balloons during the years from 2013 to 2016, research using data collected on these flights is ongoing, so stay tuned for updates! All data and analysis software are freely available to the scientific community.\n\nThe information listed above in this resource description was compiled by referencing several BARREL related resources including primarily the Millan et al. 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This will help you ensure that your science results are valid.\n\n* Users should always use the highest version numbers of data and analysis tools. Browse/quick-look plots are not intended for science analysis or publication and should not be used for those purposes without consent of the principal investigator, PI.\n* Users should notify the BARREL PI of the data use and investigation objectives. This will ensure that you are using the data appropriately and have the most recent version of the data or analysis routines. Additionally, if a BARREL team member is already working on a similar or related topic, they may be able to contribute intellectually.\n* If BARREL team members are not part of the author list, then users should Credit/Acknowledge the BARREL team as follows: We acknowledge the BARREL team (PI: Robyn Millan) for use of BARREL data.\n* Users are also requested to provide the PI with a copy of each manuscript that uses BARREL data upon submission of that manuscript for consideration of publication. On publication, the citation should be transmitted to the PI.\n\nThe BARREL PI can be contacted at: Robyn.Millan@dartmouth.edu.\n\nAn online copy of the BARREL Data Usage Policy document can be found at: https://barrel.rmillan.host.dartmouth.edu/documents/data.use.policy.pdf.","distribution":[{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"ftps://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/barrel/l2/4c/ephem/","format":"BIN","mediaType":"application/octet-stream"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"http://relativisticballoons.blogspot.com","format":"BIN","mediaType":"application/octet-stream"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"https://alexahalford.weebly.com/barrel-2013---2016.html","format":"HTML","mediaType":"text/html"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"https://barrel.rmillan.host.dartmouth.edu/documents/data.use.policy.pdf","format":"PDF","mediaType":"application/pdf"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"https://barrel.rmillan.host.dartmouth.edu/index.html","format":"HTML","mediaType":"text/html"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/cgi-bin/eval2.cgi?dataset=BAR_4C_L2_EPHM&index=sp_phys","format":"BIN","mediaType":"application/octet-stream"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/barrel/Campaigns_and_launches.txt","format":"TXT","mediaType":"text/plain"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11214-013-9971-z","format":"HTML","mediaType":"text/html"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"https://github.com/PRBEM/IRBEM","format":"BIN","mediaType":"application/octet-stream"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"https://helio.data.nasa.gov/dataset/BARREL_4C_Ephemeris_L2_PT4S","format":"BIN","mediaType":"application/octet-stream"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"https://hpde.io/NASA/NumericalData/BARREL/4C/Ephemeris/L2/PT4S","format":"BIN","mediaType":"application/octet-stream"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"https://prbem.github.io/IRBEM/","format":"BIN","mediaType":"application/octet-stream"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/barrel/l2/4c/ephem/","format":"BIN","mediaType":"application/octet-stream"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"https://www.nasa.gov/mission-pages/rbsp/barrel/","format":"BIN","mediaType":"application/octet-stream"}],"identifier":"https://doi.org/10.48322/xm4d-w960","keyword":["ephemeris","instrumentstatus"],"landingPage":"https://doi.org/10.48322/xm4d-w960","license":"https://www.usa.gov/government-works","modified":"2026-09-21","programCode":["026:000"],"publisher":{"@type":"org:Organization","name":"SPDF"},"theme":["Heliophysics"],"title":"BARREL 4C Ephemeris (EPHM) Geographic and Magnetic Coordinates, Level 2, 4 s Data"},"description":"Geographic and Magnetic Coordinates: The ephemeris data products, which include the balloon epoch time, latitude, longitude, and altitude, are each returned from the payload once every 4s. 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BARREL observations collected near latitudes close to either the antarctic and arctic circles at stratospheric altitudes at about 30 km. The BARREL instrumentation provided the first balloon measurements of relativistic electron precipitation while comprehensive in situ measurements of both plasma waves and energetic particles were available. Also, the BARREL data has been used to characterize the spatial scale of precipitation at relativistic energies.\n\nThe initial pair of balloon campaigns that were conducted initially during the Austral summer months of January and February of 2013 and 2014 with launches from two stations located in Antarctica: the British base located at Halley Bay on the Brunt Ice Shelf and the South African SANAE IV base (SANAE stand for South African National Antarctic Expedition) located in Vesleskarvet, Queen Maud Land. For the 2013 and 2014 the balloon campaigns, the launch plan was designed to maintain an array with about five payloads spread across about six hours of magnetic local time, MLT, in the region that magnetically maps to the radiation belts. Thus, the BARREL balloon constellation constituted an evolving and slowly moving array able to study relativistic electron precipitation from the radiation belts.\n\nLater campaigns were undertaken in 2015 and 2016 from the Esrange Space Center located in Kiruna, Sweden. The 2015 and 2016 campaigns were undertaken in coordination with the Van Allen Probes mission, the European Incoherent Scatter Scientific Association, EISCAT, incoherent scatter radar system, and other ground and space based instruments. Seven balloon launches occurred during the August 2015 BARREL campaign. A total of eight flights occurred during August 2016.\n\nSumming over the four BARREL campaigns, over 50 small, approximately 20 kg, stratospheric balloons were successively launched. The website creeated and hosted by A.J. Halford (see Information URL below) reports that: \"By the end of the campaigns, there were over 90 researchers coordinating on a daily basis with the BARREL team working on 7 different satellite missions, 1 other balloon mission, and way too many ground based instruments to count.\" Although the BARREL mission launched only balloons during the years from 2013 to 2016, research using data collected on these flights is ongoing, so stay tuned for updates! All data and analysis software are freely available to the scientific community.\n\nThe information listed above in this resource description was compiled by referencing several BARREL related resources including primarily the Millan et al. (2013) Space Science Reviews publication, the BARREL at Dartmouth mission web site, and the website maintained by A.J. Halford.\n\nThe current release of all BARREL CDF data products are Version 10 files.\n\nBARREL will make all its scientific data products quickly and publicly available but all users are expected to read and follow the BARREL Data Usage Policy listed below.\n\nBARREL Data Usage Policy\n\nBARREL data products are made freely available to the public and every effort is made to ensure that these products are of the highest quality. However, there may occasionally be issues with either the instruments or data processing that affect the accuracy of data. When possible, a quality flag is included in higher level data products, and known issues are posted in the BARREL data repository. You are also strongly encouraged to follow the guidelines below if you are planning a publication or presentation in which BARREL data are used. This will help you ensure that your science results are valid.\n\n* Users should always use the highest version numbers of data and analysis tools. Browse/quick-look plots are not intended for science analysis or publication and should not be used for those purposes without consent of the principal investigator, PI.\n* Users should notify the BARREL PI of the data use and investigation objectives. This will ensure that you are using the data appropriately and have the most recent version of the data or analysis routines. Additionally, if a BARREL team member is already working on a similar or related topic, they may be able to contribute intellectually.\n* If BARREL team members are not part of the author list, then users should Credit/Acknowledge the BARREL team as follows: We acknowledge the BARREL team (PI: Robyn Millan) for use of BARREL data.\n* Users are also requested to provide the PI with a copy of each manuscript that uses BARREL data upon submission of that manuscript for consideration of publication. 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Geographic coordinates are obtained from an onboard Global Positioning System, GPS, unit. Magnetic coordinates are derived by using the International Radiation Belt Environment Modeling, IRBEM, FORTRAN library.\n\nThe BARREL Mission was a multiple-balloon investigation designed to study electron losses from Earth's Radiation Belts. Selected as a NASA Living with a Star Mission of Opportunity, BARREL was designed to augment the Radiation Belt Storm Probes, RBSP, mission by providing measurements of the spatial and temporal variations of electron precipitation from the radiation belts. The RBSP mission has since been renamed the Van Allen Probes mission. Each BARREL balloon carried an X-ray spectrometer to measure the bremsstrahlung X-rays produced by precipitating relativistic electrons as they collide with neutrals in the atmosphere, and a DC magnetometer to measure ULF-timescale variations of the magnetic field. BARREL observations collected near latitudes close to either the antarctic and arctic circles at stratospheric altitudes at about 30 km. The BARREL instrumentation provided the first balloon measurements of relativistic electron precipitation while comprehensive in situ measurements of both plasma waves and energetic particles were available. Also, the BARREL data has been used to characterize the spatial scale of precipitation at relativistic energies.\n\nThe initial pair of balloon campaigns that were conducted initially during the Austral summer months of January and February of 2013 and 2014 with launches from two stations located in Antarctica: the British base located at Halley Bay on the Brunt Ice Shelf and the South African SANAE IV base (SANAE stand for South African National Antarctic Expedition) located in Vesleskarvet, Queen Maud Land. For the 2013 and 2014 the balloon campaigns, the launch plan was designed to maintain an array with about five payloads spread across about six hours of magnetic local time, MLT, in the region that magnetically maps to the radiation belts. Thus, the BARREL balloon constellation constituted an evolving and slowly moving array able to study relativistic electron precipitation from the radiation belts.\n\nLater campaigns were undertaken in 2015 and 2016 from the Esrange Space Center located in Kiruna, Sweden. The 2015 and 2016 campaigns were undertaken in coordination with the Van Allen Probes mission, the European Incoherent Scatter Scientific Association, EISCAT, incoherent scatter radar system, and other ground and space based instruments. Seven balloon launches occurred during the August 2015 BARREL campaign. A total of eight flights occurred during August 2016.\n\nSumming over the four BARREL campaigns, over 50 small, approximately 20 kg, stratospheric balloons were successively launched. The website creeated and hosted by A.J. Halford (see Information URL below) reports that: \"By the end of the campaigns, there were over 90 researchers coordinating on a daily basis with the BARREL team working on 7 different satellite missions, 1 other balloon mission, and way too many ground based instruments to count.\" Although the BARREL mission launched only balloons during the years from 2013 to 2016, research using data collected on these flights is ongoing, so stay tuned for updates! All data and analysis software are freely available to the scientific community.\n\nThe information listed above in this resource description was compiled by referencing several BARREL related resources including primarily the Millan et al. 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This will help you ensure that your science results are valid.\n\n* Users should always use the highest version numbers of data and analysis tools. Browse/quick-look plots are not intended for science analysis or publication and should not be used for those purposes without consent of the principal investigator, PI.\n* Users should notify the BARREL PI of the data use and investigation objectives. This will ensure that you are using the data appropriately and have the most recent version of the data or analysis routines. 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Additionally, if a BARREL team member is already working on a similar or related topic, they may be able to contribute intellectually.\n* If BARREL team members are not part of the author list, then users should Credit/Acknowledge the BARREL team as follows: We acknowledge the BARREL team (PI: Robyn Millan) for use of BARREL data.\n* Users are also requested to provide the PI with a copy of each manuscript that uses BARREL data upon submission of that manuscript for consideration of publication. 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BARREL observations collected near latitudes close to either the antarctic and arctic circles at stratospheric altitudes at about 30 km. The BARREL instrumentation provided the first balloon measurements of relativistic electron precipitation while comprehensive in situ measurements of both plasma waves and energetic particles were available. Also, the BARREL data has been used to characterize the spatial scale of precipitation at relativistic energies.\n\nThe initial pair of balloon campaigns that were conducted initially during the Austral summer months of January and February of 2013 and 2014 with launches from two stations located in Antarctica: the British base located at Halley Bay on the Brunt Ice Shelf and the South African SANAE IV base (SANAE stand for South African National Antarctic Expedition) located in Vesleskarvet, Queen Maud Land. For the 2013 and 2014 the balloon campaigns, the launch plan was designed to maintain an array with about five payloads spread across about six hours of magnetic local time, MLT, in the region that magnetically maps to the radiation belts. Thus, the BARREL balloon constellation constituted an evolving and slowly moving array able to study relativistic electron precipitation from the radiation belts.\n\nLater campaigns were undertaken in 2015 and 2016 from the Esrange Space Center located in Kiruna, Sweden. The 2015 and 2016 campaigns were undertaken in coordination with the Van Allen Probes mission, the European Incoherent Scatter Scientific Association, EISCAT, incoherent scatter radar system, and other ground and space based instruments. Seven balloon launches occurred during the August 2015 BARREL campaign. A total of eight flights occurred during August 2016.\n\nSumming over the four BARREL campaigns, over 50 small, approximately 20 kg, stratospheric balloons were successively launched. The website creeated and hosted by A.J. Halford (see Information URL below) reports that: \"By the end of the campaigns, there were over 90 researchers coordinating on a daily basis with the BARREL team working on 7 different satellite missions, 1 other balloon mission, and way too many ground based instruments to count.\" Although the BARREL mission launched only balloons during the years from 2013 to 2016, research using data collected on these flights is ongoing, so stay tuned for updates! All data and analysis software are freely available to the scientific community.\n\nThe information listed above in this resource description was compiled by referencing several BARREL related resources including primarily the Millan et al. (2013) Space Science Reviews publication, the BARREL at Dartmouth mission web site, and the website maintained by A.J. Halford.\n\nThe current release of all BARREL CDF data products are Version 10 files.\n\nBARREL will make all its scientific data products quickly and publicly available but all users are expected to read and follow the BARREL Data Usage Policy listed below.\n\nBARREL Data Usage Policy\n\nBARREL data products are made freely available to the public and every effort is made to ensure that these products are of the highest quality. However, there may occasionally be issues with either the instruments or data processing that affect the accuracy of data. When possible, a quality flag is included in higher level data products, and known issues are posted in the BARREL data repository. You are also strongly encouraged to follow the guidelines below if you are planning a publication or presentation in which BARREL data are used. This will help you ensure that your science results are valid.\n\n* Users should always use the highest version numbers of data and analysis tools. Browse/quick-look plots are not intended for science analysis or publication and should not be used for those purposes without consent of the principal investigator, PI.\n* Users should notify the BARREL PI of the data use and investigation objectives. This will ensure that you are using the data appropriately and have the most recent version of the data or analysis routines. Additionally, if a BARREL team member is already working on a similar or related topic, they may be able to contribute intellectually.\n* If BARREL team members are not part of the author list, then users should Credit/Acknowledge the BARREL team as follows: We acknowledge the BARREL team (PI: Robyn Millan) for use of BARREL data.\n* Users are also requested to provide the PI with a copy of each manuscript that uses BARREL data upon submission of that manuscript for consideration of publication. On publication, the citation should be transmitted to the PI.\n\nThe BARREL PI can be contacted at: Robyn.Millan@dartmouth.edu.\n\nAn online copy of the BARREL Data Usage Policy document can be found at: https://barrel.rmillan.host.dartmouth.edu/documents/data.use.policy.pdf.","distribution_titles":[],"harvest_record":"https://catalog.data.gov/harvest_record/61597fde-7c8d-4f4a-9acf-ff7c7eb49c30","harvest_record_raw":"https://catalog.data.gov/harvest_record/61597fde-7c8d-4f4a-9acf-ff7c7eb49c30/raw","has_download":true,"has_spatial":false,"identifier":"https://doi.org/10.48322/es6y-6n86","keyword":["ephemeris","instrumentstatus"],"last_harvested_date":"2026-09-23T00:56:07.285207","organization":{"aliases":[""],"code_repo_exempt":false,"code_repo_url":null,"description":null,"id":"f4ca4614-8901-409b-8553-2e994ad10023","logo":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/GSA/logo/refs/heads/master/nasa.png","name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","organization_type":"Federal Government","slug":"nasa"},"parent_identifier":null,"popularity":1,"publisher":"SPDF","slug":"barrel-4h-ephemeris-ephm-geographic-and-magnetic-coordinates-level-2-4-s-data","spatial_centroid":null,"spatial_shape":null,"theme":["Heliophysics"],"title":"BARREL 4H Ephemeris (EPHM) Geographic and Magnetic Coordinates, Level 2, 4 s Data","type":"dataset"},{"_score":5.3802567,"_sort":[1790124959055,5.3802567,1,"e656bf0c-e41d-40ce-8491-1e94b513db3d"],"dcat":{"@type":"dcat:Dataset","accessLevel":"public","bureauCode":["026:00"],"contactPoint":{"@type":"vcard:Contact","fn":"Planetary Data System","hasEmail":"mailto:pds-operator@jpl.nasa.gov"},"description":"Geographic and Magnetic Coordinates: The ephemeris data products, which include the balloon epoch time, latitude, longitude, and altitude, are each returned from the payload once every 4s. Geographic coordinates are obtained from an onboard Global Positioning System, GPS, unit. Magnetic coordinates are derived by using the International Radiation Belt Environment Modeling, IRBEM, FORTRAN library.\n\nThe BARREL Mission was a multiple-balloon investigation designed to study electron losses from Earth's Radiation Belts. Selected as a NASA Living with a Star Mission of Opportunity, BARREL was designed to augment the Radiation Belt Storm Probes, RBSP, mission by providing measurements of the spatial and temporal variations of electron precipitation from the radiation belts. The RBSP mission has since been renamed the Van Allen Probes mission. Each BARREL balloon carried an X-ray spectrometer to measure the bremsstrahlung X-rays produced by precipitating relativistic electrons as they collide with neutrals in the atmosphere, and a DC magnetometer to measure ULF-timescale variations of the magnetic field. BARREL observations collected near latitudes close to either the antarctic and arctic circles at stratospheric altitudes at about 30 km. The BARREL instrumentation provided the first balloon measurements of relativistic electron precipitation while comprehensive in situ measurements of both plasma waves and energetic particles were available. Also, the BARREL data has been used to characterize the spatial scale of precipitation at relativistic energies.\n\nThe initial pair of balloon campaigns that were conducted initially during the Austral summer months of January and February of 2013 and 2014 with launches from two stations located in Antarctica: the British base located at Halley Bay on the Brunt Ice Shelf and the South African SANAE IV base (SANAE stand for South African National Antarctic Expedition) located in Vesleskarvet, Queen Maud Land. For the 2013 and 2014 the balloon campaigns, the launch plan was designed to maintain an array with about five payloads spread across about six hours of magnetic local time, MLT, in the region that magnetically maps to the radiation belts. Thus, the BARREL balloon constellation constituted an evolving and slowly moving array able to study relativistic electron precipitation from the radiation belts.\n\nLater campaigns were undertaken in 2015 and 2016 from the Esrange Space Center located in Kiruna, Sweden. The 2015 and 2016 campaigns were undertaken in coordination with the Van Allen Probes mission, the European Incoherent Scatter Scientific Association, EISCAT, incoherent scatter radar system, and other ground and space based instruments. Seven balloon launches occurred during the August 2015 BARREL campaign. A total of eight flights occurred during August 2016.\n\nSumming over the four BARREL campaigns, over 50 small, approximately 20 kg, stratospheric balloons were successively launched. The website creeated and hosted by A.J. Halford (see Information URL below) reports that: \"By the end of the campaigns, there were over 90 researchers coordinating on a daily basis with the BARREL team working on 7 different satellite missions, 1 other balloon mission, and way too many ground based instruments to count.\" Although the BARREL mission launched only balloons during the years from 2013 to 2016, research using data collected on these flights is ongoing, so stay tuned for updates! All data and analysis software are freely available to the scientific community.\n\nThe information listed above in this resource description was compiled by referencing several BARREL related resources including primarily the Millan et al. (2013) Space Science Reviews publication, the BARREL at Dartmouth mission web site, and the website maintained by A.J. Halford.\n\nThe current release of all BARREL CDF data products are Version 10 files.\n\nBARREL will make all its scientific data products quickly and publicly available but all users are expected to read and follow the BARREL Data Usage Policy listed below.\n\nBARREL Data Usage Policy\n\nBARREL data products are made freely available to the public and every effort is made to ensure that these products are of the highest quality. However, there may occasionally be issues with either the instruments or data processing that affect the accuracy of data. When possible, a quality flag is included in higher level data products, and known issues are posted in the BARREL data repository. You are also strongly encouraged to follow the guidelines below if you are planning a publication or presentation in which BARREL data are used. This will help you ensure that your science results are valid.\n\n* Users should always use the highest version numbers of data and analysis tools. Browse/quick-look plots are not intended for science analysis or publication and should not be used for those purposes without consent of the principal investigator, PI.\n* Users should notify the BARREL PI of the data use and investigation objectives. This will ensure that you are using the data appropriately and have the most recent version of the data or analysis routines. Additionally, if a BARREL team member is already working on a similar or related topic, they may be able to contribute intellectually.\n* If BARREL team members are not part of the author list, then users should Credit/Acknowledge the BARREL team as follows: We acknowledge the BARREL team (PI: Robyn Millan) for use of BARREL data.\n* Users are also requested to provide the PI with a copy of each manuscript that uses BARREL data upon submission of that manuscript for consideration of publication. On publication, the citation should be transmitted to the PI.\n\nThe BARREL PI can be contacted at: Robyn.Millan@dartmouth.edu.\n\nAn online copy of the BARREL Data Usage Policy document can be found at: https://barrel.rmillan.host.dartmouth.edu/documents/data.use.policy.pdf.","identifier":"https://doi.org/10.48322/hj7s-z115","keyword":["ephemeris","instrumentstatus"],"landingPage":"https://doi.org/10.48322/hj7s-z115","license":"https://www.usa.gov/government-works","modified":"2026-09-21","programCode":["026:000"],"publisher":{"@type":"org:Organization","name":"SPDF"},"theme":["Heliophysics"],"title":"BARREL 5A Ephemeris (EPHM) Geographic and Magnetic Coordinates, Level 2, 4 s Data"},"description":"Geographic and Magnetic Coordinates: The ephemeris data products, which include the balloon epoch time, latitude, longitude, and altitude, are each returned from the payload once every 4s. Geographic coordinates are obtained from an onboard Global Positioning System, GPS, unit. Magnetic coordinates are derived by using the International Radiation Belt Environment Modeling, IRBEM, FORTRAN library.\n\nThe BARREL Mission was a multiple-balloon investigation designed to study electron losses from Earth's Radiation Belts. Selected as a NASA Living with a Star Mission of Opportunity, BARREL was designed to augment the Radiation Belt Storm Probes, RBSP, mission by providing measurements of the spatial and temporal variations of electron precipitation from the radiation belts. The RBSP mission has since been renamed the Van Allen Probes mission. Each BARREL balloon carried an X-ray spectrometer to measure the bremsstrahlung X-rays produced by precipitating relativistic electrons as they collide with neutrals in the atmosphere, and a DC magnetometer to measure ULF-timescale variations of the magnetic field. BARREL observations collected near latitudes close to either the antarctic and arctic circles at stratospheric altitudes at about 30 km. The BARREL instrumentation provided the first balloon measurements of relativistic electron precipitation while comprehensive in situ measurements of both plasma waves and energetic particles were available. Also, the BARREL data has been used to characterize the spatial scale of precipitation at relativistic energies.\n\nThe initial pair of balloon campaigns that were conducted initially during the Austral summer months of January and February of 2013 and 2014 with launches from two stations located in Antarctica: the British base located at Halley Bay on the Brunt Ice Shelf and the South African SANAE IV base (SANAE stand for South African National Antarctic Expedition) located in Vesleskarvet, Queen Maud Land. For the 2013 and 2014 the balloon campaigns, the launch plan was designed to maintain an array with about five payloads spread across about six hours of magnetic local time, MLT, in the region that magnetically maps to the radiation belts. Thus, the BARREL balloon constellation constituted an evolving and slowly moving array able to study relativistic electron precipitation from the radiation belts.\n\nLater campaigns were undertaken in 2015 and 2016 from the Esrange Space Center located in Kiruna, Sweden. The 2015 and 2016 campaigns were undertaken in coordination with the Van Allen Probes mission, the European Incoherent Scatter Scientific Association, EISCAT, incoherent scatter radar system, and other ground and space based instruments. Seven balloon launches occurred during the August 2015 BARREL campaign. A total of eight flights occurred during August 2016.\n\nSumming over the four BARREL campaigns, over 50 small, approximately 20 kg, stratospheric balloons were successively launched. The website creeated and hosted by A.J. Halford (see Information URL below) reports that: \"By the end of the campaigns, there were over 90 researchers coordinating on a daily basis with the BARREL team working on 7 different satellite missions, 1 other balloon mission, and way too many ground based instruments to count.\" Although the BARREL mission launched only balloons during the years from 2013 to 2016, research using data collected on these flights is ongoing, so stay tuned for updates! All data and analysis software are freely available to the scientific community.\n\nThe information listed above in this resource description was compiled by referencing several BARREL related resources including primarily the Millan et al. (2013) Space Science Reviews publication, the BARREL at Dartmouth mission web site, and the website maintained by A.J. Halford.\n\nThe current release of all BARREL CDF data products are Version 10 files.\n\nBARREL will make all its scientific data products quickly and publicly available but all users are expected to read and follow the BARREL Data Usage Policy listed below.\n\nBARREL Data Usage Policy\n\nBARREL data products are made freely available to the public and every effort is made to ensure that these products are of the highest quality. However, there may occasionally be issues with either the instruments or data processing that affect the accuracy of data. When possible, a quality flag is included in higher level data products, and known issues are posted in the BARREL data repository. You are also strongly encouraged to follow the guidelines below if you are planning a publication or presentation in which BARREL data are used. This will help you ensure that your science results are valid.\n\n* Users should always use the highest version numbers of data and analysis tools. Browse/quick-look plots are not intended for science analysis or publication and should not be used for those purposes without consent of the principal investigator, PI.\n* Users should notify the BARREL PI of the data use and investigation objectives. This will ensure that you are using the data appropriately and have the most recent version of the data or analysis routines. Additionally, if a BARREL team member is already working on a similar or related topic, they may be able to contribute intellectually.\n* If BARREL team members are not part of the author list, then users should Credit/Acknowledge the BARREL team as follows: We acknowledge the BARREL team (PI: Robyn Millan) for use of BARREL data.\n* Users are also requested to provide the PI with a copy of each manuscript that uses BARREL data upon submission of that manuscript for consideration of publication. On publication, the citation should be transmitted to the PI.\n\nThe BARREL PI can be contacted at: Robyn.Millan@dartmouth.edu.\n\nAn online copy of the BARREL Data Usage Policy document can be found at: https://barrel.rmillan.host.dartmouth.edu/documents/data.use.policy.pdf.","distribution_titles":[],"harvest_record":"https://catalog.data.gov/harvest_record/2175b4a6-28a8-46e1-9766-ea71af684e4c","harvest_record_raw":"https://catalog.data.gov/harvest_record/2175b4a6-28a8-46e1-9766-ea71af684e4c/raw","has_download":false,"has_spatial":false,"identifier":"https://doi.org/10.48322/hj7s-z115","keyword":["ephemeris","instrumentstatus"],"last_harvested_date":"2026-09-23T00:55:59.055697","organization":{"aliases":[""],"code_repo_exempt":false,"code_repo_url":null,"description":null,"id":"f4ca4614-8901-409b-8553-2e994ad10023","logo":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/GSA/logo/refs/heads/master/nasa.png","name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","organization_type":"Federal Government","slug":"nasa"},"parent_identifier":null,"popularity":1,"publisher":"SPDF","slug":"barrel-5a-ephemeris-ephm-geographic-and-magnetic-coordinates-level-2-4-s-data","spatial_centroid":null,"spatial_shape":null,"theme":["Heliophysics"],"title":"BARREL 5A Ephemeris (EPHM) Geographic and Magnetic Coordinates, Level 2, 4 s Data","type":"dataset"},{"_score":16.23452,"_sort":[1790124958666,16.23452,2,"974712b7-38fc-487d-8405-f5dc82c7b172"],"dcat":{"@type":"dcat:Dataset","accessLevel":"public","bureauCode":["026:00"],"contactPoint":{"@type":"vcard:Contact","fn":"IRSA Support","hasEmail":"mailto:irsasupport@ipac.caltech.edu"},"description":"COSMOS is an astronomical survey designed to probe the formation and evolution of galaxies as a function of cosmic time (redshift) and large scale structural environment. The survey covers a 2 square degree equatorial field with imaging by most of the major space-based telescopes (Hubble, Spitzer, GALEX, XMM, Chandra) and a number of large ground based telescopes (Subaru, VLA, ESO-VLT, UKIRT, NOAO, CFHT, and others). Over 2 million galaxies are detected, spanning 75% of the age of the universe.\\n\\nThe COSMOS Tasca Morphology Catalog includes morphological parameters computed using Morpheus 2005. Morphological types are estimated in three different ways; for more details see Tasca et al. (2009).","distribution":[{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"https://irsa.ipac.caltech.edu/SCS?table=cosmos_morph_tasca_1_1&","format":"BIN","mediaType":"application/octet-stream"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"https://irsa.ipac.caltech.edu/data/COSMOS/gator_docs/cosmos_morph_tasca_colDescriptions.html","format":"HTML","mediaType":"text/html"}],"identifier":"ivo://irsa.ipac/cosmos/catalog/cosmosmorphtasca","keyword":["__"],"landingPage":"ivo://irsa.ipac/cosmos/catalog/cosmosmorphtasca","license":"https://www.usa.gov/government-works","modified":"2026-09-21","programCode":["026:000"],"publisher":{"@type":"org:Organization","name":"NASA/IPAC Infrared Science Archive"},"theme":["Astrophysics"],"title":"COSMOS Tasca Morphology Catalog"},"description":"COSMOS is an astronomical survey designed to probe the formation and evolution of galaxies as a function of cosmic time (redshift) and large scale structural environment. The survey covers a 2 square degree equatorial field with imaging by most of the major space-based telescopes (Hubble, Spitzer, GALEX, XMM, Chandra) and a number of large ground based telescopes (Subaru, VLA, ESO-VLT, UKIRT, NOAO, CFHT, and others). Over 2 million galaxies are detected, spanning 75% of the age of the universe.\\n\\nThe COSMOS Tasca Morphology Catalog includes morphological parameters computed using Morpheus 2005. Morphological types are estimated in three different ways; for more details see Tasca et al. (2009).","distribution_titles":[],"harvest_record":"https://catalog.data.gov/harvest_record/c8a309bf-dddf-46f6-a0ad-ba9d7222ce9d","harvest_record_raw":"https://catalog.data.gov/harvest_record/c8a309bf-dddf-46f6-a0ad-ba9d7222ce9d/raw","has_download":true,"has_spatial":false,"identifier":"ivo://irsa.ipac/cosmos/catalog/cosmosmorphtasca","keyword":["__"],"last_harvested_date":"2026-09-23T00:55:58.666943","organization":{"aliases":[""],"code_repo_exempt":false,"code_repo_url":null,"description":null,"id":"f4ca4614-8901-409b-8553-2e994ad10023","logo":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/GSA/logo/refs/heads/master/nasa.png","name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","organization_type":"Federal Government","slug":"nasa"},"parent_identifier":null,"popularity":2,"publisher":"NASA/IPAC Infrared Science Archive","slug":"cosmos-tasca-morphology-catalog","spatial_centroid":null,"spatial_shape":null,"theme":["Astrophysics"],"title":"COSMOS Tasca Morphology Catalog","type":"dataset"},{"_score":23.636791,"_sort":[1790124955619,23.636791,1,"256f5d6d-6c4e-49df-9952-907772f8e61d"],"dcat":{"@type":"dcat:Dataset","accessLevel":"public","bureauCode":["026:00"],"contactPoint":{"@type":"vcard:Contact","fn":"Planetary Data System","hasEmail":"mailto:pds-operator@jpl.nasa.gov"},"description":"This data set contains count rates (1/s) as measured by the Standard Radiation Environment Monitor (SREM) instrument on the Rosetta spacecraft, along with their standard deviations. These are CODMAC Level 2 Experiment Data Record data, and provide a measure of the radiation in the spacecraft environment during the EARTH 3 mission phase.","identifier":"urn:nasa:pds:context_pds3:data_set:data_set.ro-x-srem-2-ear3-v1.0;urn:nasa:pds:context_pds3:data_set:data_set.ro-x-srem-2-ear3-v1.0::1.0","keyword":["__"],"license":"https://www.usa.gov/government-works","modified":"2026-09-21","programCode":["026:000"],"publisher":{"@type":"org:Organization","name":"Small Bodies"},"theme":["Planetary Science"],"title":"ROSETTA-ORBITER X SREM 2 EARTH 3 V1.0"},"description":"This data set contains count rates (1/s) as measured by the Standard Radiation Environment Monitor (SREM) instrument on the Rosetta spacecraft, along with their standard deviations. These are CODMAC Level 2 Experiment Data Record data, and provide a measure of the radiation in the spacecraft environment during the EARTH 3 mission phase.","distribution_titles":[],"harvest_record":"https://catalog.data.gov/harvest_record/61e6423b-cdf5-4ee6-9f6b-9c97b969d975","harvest_record_raw":"https://catalog.data.gov/harvest_record/61e6423b-cdf5-4ee6-9f6b-9c97b969d975/raw","has_download":false,"has_spatial":false,"identifier":"urn:nasa:pds:context_pds3:data_set:data_set.ro-x-srem-2-ear3-v1.0;urn:nasa:pds:context_pds3:data_set:data_set.ro-x-srem-2-ear3-v1.0::1.0","keyword":["__"],"last_harvested_date":"2026-09-23T00:55:55.619124","organization":{"aliases":[""],"code_repo_exempt":false,"code_repo_url":null,"description":null,"id":"f4ca4614-8901-409b-8553-2e994ad10023","logo":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/GSA/logo/refs/heads/master/nasa.png","name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","organization_type":"Federal Government","slug":"nasa"},"parent_identifier":null,"popularity":1,"publisher":"Small Bodies","slug":"rosetta-orbiter-x-srem-2-earth-3-v1-0-bff08","spatial_centroid":null,"spatial_shape":null,"theme":["Planetary Science"],"title":"ROSETTA-ORBITER X SREM 2 EARTH 3 V1.0","type":"dataset"},{"_score":13.999416,"_sort":[1790124955425,13.999416,3,"4e3aadeb-37d4-440d-8eb4-6b0caab4d425"],"dcat":{"@type":"dcat:Dataset","accessLevel":"public","bureauCode":["026:00"],"contactPoint":{"@type":"vcard:Contact","fn":"IRSA Support","hasEmail":"mailto:irsasupport@ipac.caltech.edu"},"description":"COSMOS is an astronomical survey designed to probe the formation and evolution of galaxies as a function of cosmic time (redshift) and large scale structural environment. The survey covers a 2 square degree equatorial field with imaging by most of the major space-based telescopes (Hubble, Spitzer, GALEX, XMM, Chandra) and a number of large ground based telescopes (Subaru, VLA, ESO-VLT, UKIRT, NOAO, CFHT, and others). Over 2 million galaxies are detected, spanning 75% of the age of the universe.\\n\\nThis is version 2.1 of the C-COSMOS Bright Source Catalog which consists of 1761 sources detected at uniform confidence in the 0.5 - 7 keV band of the Chandra-COSMOS survey. Details of the survey and initial results are found in the C-COSMOS catalog paper (Elvis et al. 2009, Paper I). The methods used to detect sources and generate the catalog are described in detail in Puccetti et al. 2009 (Paper II). Nearly 100%-complete multiwavelength source identification is discussed in Civano et al. 2009 (Paper III).","distribution":[{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"https://irsa.ipac.caltech.edu/SCS?table=cosmos_chandra_bsc21&","format":"BIN","mediaType":"application/octet-stream"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"https://irsa.ipac.caltech.edu/data/COSMOS/gator_docs/cosmos_morph_cassata_colDescriptions.html","format":"HTML","mediaType":"text/html"}],"identifier":"ivo://irsa.ipac/cosmos/catalog/ccosmos-bsc","keyword":["__"],"landingPage":"ivo://irsa.ipac/cosmos/catalog/ccosmos-bsc","license":"https://www.usa.gov/government-works","modified":"2026-09-21","programCode":["026:000"],"publisher":{"@type":"org:Organization","name":"NASA/IPAC Infrared Science Archive"},"theme":["Astrophysics"],"title":"Chandra-COSMOS Bright Source Catalog"},"description":"COSMOS is an astronomical survey designed to probe the formation and evolution of galaxies as a function of cosmic time (redshift) and large scale structural environment. The survey covers a 2 square degree equatorial field with imaging by most of the major space-based telescopes (Hubble, Spitzer, GALEX, XMM, Chandra) and a number of large ground based telescopes (Subaru, VLA, ESO-VLT, UKIRT, NOAO, CFHT, and others). Over 2 million galaxies are detected, spanning 75% of the age of the universe.\\n\\nThis is version 2.1 of the C-COSMOS Bright Source Catalog which consists of 1761 sources detected at uniform confidence in the 0.5 - 7 keV band of the Chandra-COSMOS survey. Details of the survey and initial results are found in the C-COSMOS catalog paper (Elvis et al. 2009, Paper I). The methods used to detect sources and generate the catalog are described in detail in Puccetti et al. 2009 (Paper II). 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Here are presented some of the results from a 100-ks Chandra Advanced CCD Imaging Spectrometer (ACIS) observation of the Arches and Quintuplet star clusters in the form of a catalog of 244 point-like X-ray sources detected in the observation. The deep Chandra ACIS-I observation (Obs. ID: 4500) was carried out on 2004 June 9. The Arches cluster was placed about 1-arcmin away from the aim point to minimize the effect of the CCD gaps on mapping the extended X-ray emission around the cluster. This table was created by the HEASARC in July 2007 based on &lt;a href=\"https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/ftp/cats/J/MNRAS/371/38\"&gt;CDS Catalog J/MNRAS/371/38&lt;/a&gt; file table1.dat. 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The SWIRE Legacy Extragalactic Source Catalogs will eventually contain in excess of 2 million IR-selected galaxies, from those dominated by the light of stellar populations detected primarily by IRAC, to starbursts, ultra-luminous infrared galaxies and AGN detected also by MIPS.","distribution_titles":[],"harvest_record":"https://catalog.data.gov/harvest_record/627cd575-b093-4c1d-a0a7-00b38b7ab699","harvest_record_raw":"https://catalog.data.gov/harvest_record/627cd575-b093-4c1d-a0a7-00b38b7ab699/raw","has_download":true,"has_spatial":false,"identifier":"ivo://irsa.ipac/spitzer/catalog/swire/swire-lhm160","keyword":["__"],"last_harvested_date":"2026-09-23T00:55:52.772694","organization":{"aliases":[""],"code_repo_exempt":false,"code_repo_url":null,"description":null,"id":"f4ca4614-8901-409b-8553-2e994ad10023","logo":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/GSA/logo/refs/heads/master/nasa.png","name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","organization_type":"Federal Government","slug":"nasa"},"parent_identifier":null,"popularity":4,"publisher":"NASA/IPAC Infrared Science Archive","slug":"spitzer-wide-area-infrared-extragalactic-survey-lockman-hole-mips-160-micron-catalog","spatial_centroid":null,"spatial_shape":null,"theme":["Astrophysics"],"title":"Spitzer Wide-area InfraRed Extragalactic Survey Lockman Hole MIPS 160 micron Catalog","type":"dataset"},{"_score":12.140148,"_sort":[1790124940055,12.140148,2,"fe3b391f-4f9b-4099-a4da-34c9c25f8b44"],"dcat":{"@type":"dcat:Dataset","accessLevel":"public","bureauCode":["026:00"],"contactPoint":{"@type":"vcard:Contact","fn":"NASA Space Physics Data Facility","hasEmail":"mailto:NASA-SPDF-Support@nasa.onmicrosoft.com"},"description":"The Electron Drift Instrument (EDI) data products from the Cluster spacecraft in three main categories: (1) Electron enegergies measured between 0.5 and 1.0 keV for the Windshield Wiper mode: time series of the three components of the electron drift velocity and of the three components of the electric field in Cartesian GSE coordinate system (corrected for spacecraft motion) with different qualities and time resolution at 1-4 sec (PP, PPP, MPD); (2) Ambient electron measurements at fixed enegeris of 0.5 or 1.0 keV: time series of electron counts normally at 16 ms for the three pitch angles 0 deg, 90 deg, 180 deg, the detector look direction in the spacecraft frame and in GSE and the status for AE mode; and (3) Overview plot of the main parameters for both modes for every 3 h for one reference spacecraft (usually Cluster III).  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The XMM-LSS field (centered at RA (J2000) = 02&lt;sup&gt;h&lt;/sup&gt; 24&lt;sup&gt;m&lt;/sup&gt; 00.27&lt;sup&gt;s&lt;/sup&gt;, Dec (J2000) = -04&lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt; 09&#39; 47.6&quot;) is currently being followed up using observations across a wide range of wavelengths, and in their paper the authors present the observational results of a low frequency radio survey of the XMM-LSS field using the Very Large Array at 74 and 325 MHz. This survey will map out the locations of the extragalactic radio sources relative to the large scale structure as traced by the X-ray emission. This is of particular interest because radio galaxies and radio-loud AGN show strong and complex interactions with their small and larger scale environment, and different classes of radio galaxies are suggested to lie at different places with respect to the large scale structure. For the phase calibration of the radio data, the authors used standard self-calibration at 325 MHz and field-base calibration at 74 MHz. Polyhedron-based imaging as well as mosaicking methods were used at both frequencies. At 74 MHz, the resolution was 30 arcseconds, the median 5-sigma sensitivity was ~ 162 mJy/beam and 666 sources were detected over an area of 132 square degrees. At 325 MHz, the resolution was 6.7 arcseconds, the median 5-sigma sensitivity was 4 mJy/beam, and 847 sources were detected over an area of 15.3 square degrees. At 325 MHz, a region of diffuse radio emission which is a cluster halo or relic candidate was detected. The observations were conducted using the VLA in July 2003 in the A-configuration (most extended) and in June 2002 in the B-configuration. This table contains the VLA 325-MHz source list, comprising 605 single sources and 615 components of 237 multiple sources, for a total of 1220 entries. (Notice that, in Section 4.1 of the reference paper, somewhat different numbers are given, i.e., the authors quote 621 single sources and 226 multiple sources). For the multiple sources, each component (A, B, etc.) is listed separately, in order of decreasing brightness. This table was created by the HEASARC in March 2012 based on &lt;a href=\"https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/ftp/cats/J/A+A/456/791\"&gt;CDS Catalog J/A+A/456/791&lt;/a&gt; file tablea1.dat. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .","distribution":[{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"https://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/W3Browse/all/vlaxl325mh.html","format":"HTML","mediaType":"text/html"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"https://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/xamin/vo/cone?showoffsets&table=vlaxl325mh&","format":"BIN","mediaType":"application/octet-stream"}],"identifier":"ivo://nasa.heasarc/vlaxl325mh","keyword":["__"],"landingPage":"ivo://nasa.heasarc/vlaxl325mh","license":"https://www.usa.gov/government-works","modified":"2026-09-21","programCode":["026:000"],"publisher":{"@type":"org:Organization","name":"High Energy Astrophysics Science Archive Research Center"},"theme":["Astrophysics"],"title":"VLA XMM Large Scale Structure Field 325-MHz Source Catalog"},"description":"The XMM Large Scale Structure survey (XMM-LSS) is an X-ray survey aimed at studying the large scale structure of the Universe. The XMM-LSS field (centered at RA (J2000) = 02&lt;sup&gt;h&lt;/sup&gt; 24&lt;sup&gt;m&lt;/sup&gt; 00.27&lt;sup&gt;s&lt;/sup&gt;, Dec (J2000) = -04&lt;sup&gt;o&lt;/sup&gt; 09&#39; 47.6&quot;) is currently being followed up using observations across a wide range of wavelengths, and in their paper the authors present the observational results of a low frequency radio survey of the XMM-LSS field using the Very Large Array at 74 and 325 MHz. This survey will map out the locations of the extragalactic radio sources relative to the large scale structure as traced by the X-ray emission. This is of particular interest because radio galaxies and radio-loud AGN show strong and complex interactions with their small and larger scale environment, and different classes of radio galaxies are suggested to lie at different places with respect to the large scale structure. For the phase calibration of the radio data, the authors used standard self-calibration at 325 MHz and field-base calibration at 74 MHz. Polyhedron-based imaging as well as mosaicking methods were used at both frequencies. At 74 MHz, the resolution was 30 arcseconds, the median 5-sigma sensitivity was ~ 162 mJy/beam and 666 sources were detected over an area of 132 square degrees. At 325 MHz, the resolution was 6.7 arcseconds, the median 5-sigma sensitivity was 4 mJy/beam, and 847 sources were detected over an area of 15.3 square degrees. At 325 MHz, a region of diffuse radio emission which is a cluster halo or relic candidate was detected. The observations were conducted using the VLA in July 2003 in the A-configuration (most extended) and in June 2002 in the B-configuration. This table contains the VLA 325-MHz source list, comprising 605 single sources and 615 components of 237 multiple sources, for a total of 1220 entries. (Notice that, in Section 4.1 of the reference paper, somewhat different numbers are given, i.e., the authors quote 621 single sources and 226 multiple sources). For the multiple sources, each component (A, B, etc.) is listed separately, in order of decreasing brightness. This table was created by the HEASARC in March 2012 based on &lt;a href=\"https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/ftp/cats/J/A+A/456/791\"&gt;CDS Catalog J/A+A/456/791&lt;/a&gt; file tablea1.dat. 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Geographic coordinates are obtained from an onboard Global Positioning System, GPS, unit. Magnetic coordinates are derived by using the International Radiation Belt Environment Modeling, IRBEM, FORTRAN library.\n\nThe BARREL Mission was a multiple-balloon investigation designed to study electron losses from Earth's Radiation Belts. Selected as a NASA Living with a Star Mission of Opportunity, BARREL was designed to augment the Radiation Belt Storm Probes, RBSP, mission by providing measurements of the spatial and temporal variations of electron precipitation from the radiation belts. The RBSP mission has since been renamed the Van Allen Probes mission. Each BARREL balloon carried an X-ray spectrometer to measure the bremsstrahlung X-rays produced by precipitating relativistic electrons as they collide with neutrals in the atmosphere, and a DC magnetometer to measure ULF-timescale variations of the magnetic field. BARREL observations collected near latitudes close to either the antarctic and arctic circles at stratospheric altitudes at about 30 km. The BARREL instrumentation provided the first balloon measurements of relativistic electron precipitation while comprehensive in situ measurements of both plasma waves and energetic particles were available. Also, the BARREL data has been used to characterize the spatial scale of precipitation at relativistic energies.\n\nThe initial pair of balloon campaigns that were conducted initially during the Austral summer months of January and February of 2013 and 2014 with launches from two stations located in Antarctica: the British base located at Halley Bay on the Brunt Ice Shelf and the South African SANAE IV base (SANAE stand for South African National Antarctic Expedition) located in Vesleskarvet, Queen Maud Land. For the 2013 and 2014 the balloon campaigns, the launch plan was designed to maintain an array with about five payloads spread across about six hours of magnetic local time, MLT, in the region that magnetically maps to the radiation belts. Thus, the BARREL balloon constellation constituted an evolving and slowly moving array able to study relativistic electron precipitation from the radiation belts.\n\nLater campaigns were undertaken in 2015 and 2016 from the Esrange Space Center located in Kiruna, Sweden. The 2015 and 2016 campaigns were undertaken in coordination with the Van Allen Probes mission, the European Incoherent Scatter Scientific Association, EISCAT, incoherent scatter radar system, and other ground and space based instruments. Seven balloon launches occurred during the August 2015 BARREL campaign. A total of eight flights occurred during August 2016.\n\nSumming over the four BARREL campaigns, over 50 small, approximately 20 kg, stratospheric balloons were successively launched. The website creeated and hosted by A.J. Halford (see Information URL below) reports that: \"By the end of the campaigns, there were over 90 researchers coordinating on a daily basis with the BARREL team working on 7 different satellite missions, 1 other balloon mission, and way too many ground based instruments to count.\" Although the BARREL mission launched only balloons during the years from 2013 to 2016, research using data collected on these flights is ongoing, so stay tuned for updates! All data and analysis software are freely available to the scientific community.\n\nThe information listed above in this resource description was compiled by referencing several BARREL related resources including primarily the Millan et al. (2013) Space Science Reviews publication, the BARREL at Dartmouth mission web site, and the website maintained by A.J. Halford.\n\nThe current release of all BARREL CDF data products are Version 10 files.\n\nBARREL will make all its scientific data products quickly and publicly available but all users are expected to read and follow the BARREL Data Usage Policy listed below.\n\nBARREL Data Usage Policy\n\nBARREL data products are made freely available to the public and every effort is made to ensure that these products are of the highest quality. However, there may occasionally be issues with either the instruments or data processing that affect the accuracy of data. When possible, a quality flag is included in higher level data products, and known issues are posted in the BARREL data repository. You are also strongly encouraged to follow the guidelines below if you are planning a publication or presentation in which BARREL data are used. This will help you ensure that your science results are valid.\n\n* Users should always use the highest version numbers of data and analysis tools. Browse/quick-look plots are not intended for science analysis or publication and should not be used for those purposes without consent of the principal investigator, PI.\n* Users should notify the BARREL PI of the data use and investigation objectives. This will ensure that you are using the data appropriately and have the most recent version of the data or analysis routines. Additionally, if a BARREL team member is already working on a similar or related topic, they may be able to contribute intellectually.\n* If BARREL team members are not part of the author list, then users should Credit/Acknowledge the BARREL team as follows: We acknowledge the BARREL team (PI: Robyn Millan) for use of BARREL data.\n* Users are also requested to provide the PI with a copy of each manuscript that uses BARREL data upon submission of that manuscript for consideration of publication. On publication, the citation should be transmitted to the PI.\n\nThe BARREL PI can be contacted at: Robyn.Millan@dartmouth.edu.\n\nAn online copy of the BARREL Data Usage Policy document can be found at: https://barrel.rmillan.host.dartmouth.edu/documents/data.use.policy.pdf.","distribution":[{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"ftps://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/barrel/l2/2y/ephem/","format":"BIN","mediaType":"application/octet-stream"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"http://relativisticballoons.blogspot.com","format":"BIN","mediaType":"application/octet-stream"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"https://alexahalford.weebly.com/barrel-2013---2016.html","format":"HTML","mediaType":"text/html"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"https://barrel.rmillan.host.dartmouth.edu/documents/data.use.policy.pdf","format":"PDF","mediaType":"application/pdf"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"https://barrel.rmillan.host.dartmouth.edu/index.html","format":"HTML","mediaType":"text/html"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/cgi-bin/eval2.cgi?dataset=BAR_2Y_L2_EPHM&index=sp_phys","format":"BIN","mediaType":"application/octet-stream"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/barrel/Campaigns_and_launches.txt","format":"TXT","mediaType":"text/plain"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11214-013-9971-z","format":"HTML","mediaType":"text/html"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"https://github.com/PRBEM/IRBEM","format":"BIN","mediaType":"application/octet-stream"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"https://helio.data.nasa.gov/dataset/BARREL_2Y_Ephemeris_L2_PT4S","format":"BIN","mediaType":"application/octet-stream"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"https://hpde.io/NASA/NumericalData/BARREL/2Y/Ephemeris/L2/PT4S","format":"BIN","mediaType":"application/octet-stream"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"https://prbem.github.io/IRBEM/","format":"BIN","mediaType":"application/octet-stream"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/barrel/l2/2y/ephem/","format":"BIN","mediaType":"application/octet-stream"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"https://www.nasa.gov/mission-pages/rbsp/barrel/","format":"BIN","mediaType":"application/octet-stream"}],"identifier":"https://doi.org/10.48322/6ct2-7m72","keyword":["ephemeris","instrumentstatus"],"landingPage":"https://doi.org/10.48322/6ct2-7m72","license":"https://www.usa.gov/government-works","modified":"2026-09-21","programCode":["026:000"],"publisher":{"@type":"org:Organization","name":"SPDF"},"theme":["Heliophysics"],"title":"BARREL 2Y Ephemeris (EPHM) Geographic and Magnetic Coordinates, Level 2, 4 s Data"},"description":"Geographic and Magnetic Coordinates: The ephemeris data products, which include the balloon epoch time, latitude, longitude, and altitude, are each returned from the payload once every 4s. Geographic coordinates are obtained from an onboard Global Positioning System, GPS, unit. Magnetic coordinates are derived by using the International Radiation Belt Environment Modeling, IRBEM, FORTRAN library.\n\nThe BARREL Mission was a multiple-balloon investigation designed to study electron losses from Earth's Radiation Belts. Selected as a NASA Living with a Star Mission of Opportunity, BARREL was designed to augment the Radiation Belt Storm Probes, RBSP, mission by providing measurements of the spatial and temporal variations of electron precipitation from the radiation belts. The RBSP mission has since been renamed the Van Allen Probes mission. Each BARREL balloon carried an X-ray spectrometer to measure the bremsstrahlung X-rays produced by precipitating relativistic electrons as they collide with neutrals in the atmosphere, and a DC magnetometer to measure ULF-timescale variations of the magnetic field. BARREL observations collected near latitudes close to either the antarctic and arctic circles at stratospheric altitudes at about 30 km. The BARREL instrumentation provided the first balloon measurements of relativistic electron precipitation while comprehensive in situ measurements of both plasma waves and energetic particles were available. Also, the BARREL data has been used to characterize the spatial scale of precipitation at relativistic energies.\n\nThe initial pair of balloon campaigns that were conducted initially during the Austral summer months of January and February of 2013 and 2014 with launches from two stations located in Antarctica: the British base located at Halley Bay on the Brunt Ice Shelf and the South African SANAE IV base (SANAE stand for South African National Antarctic Expedition) located in Vesleskarvet, Queen Maud Land. For the 2013 and 2014 the balloon campaigns, the launch plan was designed to maintain an array with about five payloads spread across about six hours of magnetic local time, MLT, in the region that magnetically maps to the radiation belts. Thus, the BARREL balloon constellation constituted an evolving and slowly moving array able to study relativistic electron precipitation from the radiation belts.\n\nLater campaigns were undertaken in 2015 and 2016 from the Esrange Space Center located in Kiruna, Sweden. The 2015 and 2016 campaigns were undertaken in coordination with the Van Allen Probes mission, the European Incoherent Scatter Scientific Association, EISCAT, incoherent scatter radar system, and other ground and space based instruments. Seven balloon launches occurred during the August 2015 BARREL campaign. A total of eight flights occurred during August 2016.\n\nSumming over the four BARREL campaigns, over 50 small, approximately 20 kg, stratospheric balloons were successively launched. The website creeated and hosted by A.J. Halford (see Information URL below) reports that: \"By the end of the campaigns, there were over 90 researchers coordinating on a daily basis with the BARREL team working on 7 different satellite missions, 1 other balloon mission, and way too many ground based instruments to count.\" Although the BARREL mission launched only balloons during the years from 2013 to 2016, research using data collected on these flights is ongoing, so stay tuned for updates! All data and analysis software are freely available to the scientific community.\n\nThe information listed above in this resource description was compiled by referencing several BARREL related resources including primarily the Millan et al. (2013) Space Science Reviews publication, the BARREL at Dartmouth mission web site, and the website maintained by A.J. Halford.\n\nThe current release of all BARREL CDF data products are Version 10 files.\n\nBARREL will make all its scientific data products quickly and publicly available but all users are expected to read and follow the BARREL Data Usage Policy listed below.\n\nBARREL Data Usage Policy\n\nBARREL data products are made freely available to the public and every effort is made to ensure that these products are of the highest quality. However, there may occasionally be issues with either the instruments or data processing that affect the accuracy of data. When possible, a quality flag is included in higher level data products, and known issues are posted in the BARREL data repository. You are also strongly encouraged to follow the guidelines below if you are planning a publication or presentation in which BARREL data are used. This will help you ensure that your science results are valid.\n\n* Users should always use the highest version numbers of data and analysis tools. Browse/quick-look plots are not intended for science analysis or publication and should not be used for those purposes without consent of the principal investigator, PI.\n* Users should notify the BARREL PI of the data use and investigation objectives. This will ensure that you are using the data appropriately and have the most recent version of the data or analysis routines. Additionally, if a BARREL team member is already working on a similar or related topic, they may be able to contribute intellectually.\n* If BARREL team members are not part of the author list, then users should Credit/Acknowledge the BARREL team as follows: We acknowledge the BARREL team (PI: Robyn Millan) for use of BARREL data.\n* Users are also requested to provide the PI with a copy of each manuscript that uses BARREL data upon submission of that manuscript for consideration of publication. On publication, the citation should be transmitted to the PI.\n\nThe BARREL PI can be contacted at: Robyn.Millan@dartmouth.edu.\n\nAn online copy of the BARREL Data Usage Policy document can be found at: https://barrel.rmillan.host.dartmouth.edu/documents/data.use.policy.pdf.","distribution_titles":[],"harvest_record":"https://catalog.data.gov/harvest_record/ba75e77b-4d06-40b0-8d7f-c884fabce165","harvest_record_raw":"https://catalog.data.gov/harvest_record/ba75e77b-4d06-40b0-8d7f-c884fabce165/raw","has_download":true,"has_spatial":false,"identifier":"https://doi.org/10.48322/6ct2-7m72","keyword":["ephemeris","instrumentstatus"],"last_harvested_date":"2026-09-23T00:55:07.066217","organization":{"aliases":[""],"code_repo_exempt":false,"code_repo_url":null,"description":null,"id":"f4ca4614-8901-409b-8553-2e994ad10023","logo":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/GSA/logo/refs/heads/master/nasa.png","name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","organization_type":"Federal Government","slug":"nasa"},"parent_identifier":null,"popularity":1,"publisher":"SPDF","slug":"barrel-2y-ephemeris-ephm-geographic-and-magnetic-coordinates-level-2-4-s-data","spatial_centroid":null,"spatial_shape":null,"theme":["Heliophysics"],"title":"BARREL 2Y Ephemeris (EPHM) Geographic and Magnetic Coordinates, Level 2, 4 s Data","type":"dataset"},{"_score":23.432701,"_sort":[1790124906488,23.432701,1,"9b0064f7-821e-4a7e-af84-fe2ab30db142"],"dcat":{"@type":"dcat:Dataset","accessLevel":"public","bureauCode":["026:00"],"contactPoint":{"@type":"vcard:Contact","fn":"Planetary Data System","hasEmail":"mailto:pds-operator@jpl.nasa.gov"},"description":"This data set contains derived electron and proton flux energies in MeV from the Standard Radiation Environment Monitor (SREM) instrument on the Rosetta spacecraft, which had the primary target of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko. These are CODMAC Level 5 derived data, and measure the radiation in the spacecraft environment during the Medium Term Plan 7 period of the PRELANDING mission phase.","identifier":"urn:nasa:pds:context_pds3:data_set:data_set.ro-x-srem-5-prl-mtp007-v1.0;urn:nasa:pds:context_pds3:data_set:data_set.ro-x-srem-5-prl-mtp007-v1.0::1.0","keyword":["__"],"license":"https://www.usa.gov/government-works","modified":"2026-09-21","programCode":["026:000"],"publisher":{"@type":"org:Organization","name":"Small Bodies"},"theme":["Planetary Science"],"title":"ROSETTA-ORBITER 67P SREM 5 PRELANDING MTP007 V1.0"},"description":"This data set contains derived electron and proton flux energies in MeV from the Standard Radiation Environment Monitor (SREM) instrument on the Rosetta spacecraft, which had the primary target of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko. These are CODMAC Level 5 derived data, and measure the radiation in the spacecraft environment during the Medium Term Plan 7 period of the PRELANDING mission phase.","distribution_titles":[],"harvest_record":"https://catalog.data.gov/harvest_record/efb583bb-4c8d-4a74-86f0-827b19832569","harvest_record_raw":"https://catalog.data.gov/harvest_record/efb583bb-4c8d-4a74-86f0-827b19832569/raw","has_download":false,"has_spatial":false,"identifier":"urn:nasa:pds:context_pds3:data_set:data_set.ro-x-srem-5-prl-mtp007-v1.0;urn:nasa:pds:context_pds3:data_set:data_set.ro-x-srem-5-prl-mtp007-v1.0::1.0","keyword":["__"],"last_harvested_date":"2026-09-23T00:55:06.488957","organization":{"aliases":[""],"code_repo_exempt":false,"code_repo_url":null,"description":null,"id":"f4ca4614-8901-409b-8553-2e994ad10023","logo":"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/GSA/logo/refs/heads/master/nasa.png","name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","organization_type":"Federal Government","slug":"nasa"},"parent_identifier":null,"popularity":1,"publisher":"Small Bodies","slug":"rosetta-orbiter-67p-srem-5-prelanding-mtp007-v1-0-01620","spatial_centroid":null,"spatial_shape":null,"theme":["Planetary Science"],"title":"ROSETTA-ORBITER 67P SREM 5 PRELANDING MTP007 V1.0","type":"dataset"},{"_score":5.361683,"_sort":[1790124903396,5.361683,2,"1c2b7298-8880-4729-8832-fdba5ee5eb3c"],"dcat":{"@type":"dcat:Dataset","accessLevel":"public","bureauCode":["026:00"],"contactPoint":{"@type":"vcard:Contact","fn":"NASA Space Physics Data Facility","hasEmail":"mailto:NASA-SPDF-Support@nasa.onmicrosoft.com"},"description":"Geographic and Magnetic Coordinates: The ephemeris data products, which include the balloon epoch time, latitude, longitude, and altitude, are each returned from the payload once every 4s. Geographic coordinates are obtained from an onboard Global Positioning System, GPS, unit. Magnetic coordinates are derived by using the International Radiation Belt Environment Modeling, IRBEM, FORTRAN library.\n\nThe BARREL Mission was a multiple-balloon investigation designed to study electron losses from Earth's Radiation Belts. Selected as a NASA Living with a Star Mission of Opportunity, BARREL was designed to augment the Radiation Belt Storm Probes, RBSP, mission by providing measurements of the spatial and temporal variations of electron precipitation from the radiation belts. The RBSP mission has since been renamed the Van Allen Probes mission. Each BARREL balloon carried an X-ray spectrometer to measure the bremsstrahlung X-rays produced by precipitating relativistic electrons as they collide with neutrals in the atmosphere, and a DC magnetometer to measure ULF-timescale variations of the magnetic field. BARREL observations collected near latitudes close to either the antarctic and arctic circles at stratospheric altitudes at about 30 km. The BARREL instrumentation provided the first balloon measurements of relativistic electron precipitation while comprehensive in situ measurements of both plasma waves and energetic particles were available. Also, the BARREL data has been used to characterize the spatial scale of precipitation at relativistic energies.\n\nThe initial pair of balloon campaigns that were conducted initially during the Austral summer months of January and February of 2013 and 2014 with launches from two stations located in Antarctica: the British base located at Halley Bay on the Brunt Ice Shelf and the South African SANAE IV base (SANAE stand for South African National Antarctic Expedition) located in Vesleskarvet, Queen Maud Land. For the 2013 and 2014 the balloon campaigns, the launch plan was designed to maintain an array with about five payloads spread across about six hours of magnetic local time, MLT, in the region that magnetically maps to the radiation belts. Thus, the BARREL balloon constellation constituted an evolving and slowly moving array able to study relativistic electron precipitation from the radiation belts.\n\nLater campaigns were undertaken in 2015 and 2016 from the Esrange Space Center located in Kiruna, Sweden. The 2015 and 2016 campaigns were undertaken in coordination with the Van Allen Probes mission, the European Incoherent Scatter Scientific Association, EISCAT, incoherent scatter radar system, and other ground and space based instruments. Seven balloon launches occurred during the August 2015 BARREL campaign. A total of eight flights occurred during August 2016.\n\nSumming over the four BARREL campaigns, over 50 small, approximately 20 kg, stratospheric balloons were successively launched. The website creeated and hosted by A.J. Halford (see Information URL below) reports that: \"By the end of the campaigns, there were over 90 researchers coordinating on a daily basis with the BARREL team working on 7 different satellite missions, 1 other balloon mission, and way too many ground based instruments to count.\" Although the BARREL mission launched only balloons during the years from 2013 to 2016, research using data collected on these flights is ongoing, so stay tuned for updates! All data and analysis software are freely available to the scientific community.\n\nThe information listed above in this resource description was compiled by referencing several BARREL related resources including primarily the Millan et al. (2013) Space Science Reviews publication, the BARREL at Dartmouth mission web site, and the website maintained by A.J. Halford.\n\nThe current release of all BARREL CDF data products are Version 10 files.\n\nBARREL will make all its scientific data products quickly and publicly available but all users are expected to read and follow the BARREL Data Usage Policy listed below.\n\nBARREL Data Usage Policy\n\nBARREL data products are made freely available to the public and every effort is made to ensure that these products are of the highest quality. However, there may occasionally be issues with either the instruments or data processing that affect the accuracy of data. When possible, a quality flag is included in higher level data products, and known issues are posted in the BARREL data repository. You are also strongly encouraged to follow the guidelines below if you are planning a publication or presentation in which BARREL data are used. This will help you ensure that your science results are valid.\n\n* Users should always use the highest version numbers of data and analysis tools. Browse/quick-look plots are not intended for science analysis or publication and should not be used for those purposes without consent of the principal investigator, PI.\n* Users should notify the BARREL PI of the data use and investigation objectives. This will ensure that you are using the data appropriately and have the most recent version of the data or analysis routines. Additionally, if a BARREL team member is already working on a similar or related topic, they may be able to contribute intellectually.\n* If BARREL team members are not part of the author list, then users should Credit/Acknowledge the BARREL team as follows: We acknowledge the BARREL team (PI: Robyn Millan) for use of BARREL data.\n* Users are also requested to provide the PI with a copy of each manuscript that uses BARREL data upon submission of that manuscript for consideration of publication. On publication, the citation should be transmitted to the PI.\n\nThe BARREL PI can be contacted at: Robyn.Millan@dartmouth.edu.\n\nAn online copy of the BARREL Data Usage Policy document can be found at: https://barrel.rmillan.host.dartmouth.edu/documents/data.use.policy.pdf.","distribution":[{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"ftps://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/barrel/l2/3g/ephem/","format":"BIN","mediaType":"application/octet-stream"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"http://relativisticballoons.blogspot.com","format":"BIN","mediaType":"application/octet-stream"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"https://alexahalford.weebly.com/barrel-2013---2016.html","format":"HTML","mediaType":"text/html"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"https://barrel.rmillan.host.dartmouth.edu/documents/data.use.policy.pdf","format":"PDF","mediaType":"application/pdf"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"https://barrel.rmillan.host.dartmouth.edu/index.html","format":"HTML","mediaType":"text/html"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/cgi-bin/eval2.cgi?dataset=BAR_3G_L2_EPHM&index=sp_phys","format":"BIN","mediaType":"application/octet-stream"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"https://cdaweb.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/barrel/Campaigns_and_launches.txt","format":"TXT","mediaType":"text/plain"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11214-013-9971-z","format":"HTML","mediaType":"text/html"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"https://github.com/PRBEM/IRBEM","format":"BIN","mediaType":"application/octet-stream"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"https://helio.data.nasa.gov/dataset/BARREL_3G_Ephemeris_L2_PT4S","format":"BIN","mediaType":"application/octet-stream"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"https://hpde.io/NASA/NumericalData/BARREL/3G/Ephemeris/L2/PT4S","format":"BIN","mediaType":"application/octet-stream"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"https://prbem.github.io/IRBEM/","format":"BIN","mediaType":"application/octet-stream"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"https://spdf.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/data/barrel/l2/3g/ephem/","format":"BIN","mediaType":"application/octet-stream"},{"@type":"dcat:Distribution","downloadURL":"https://www.nasa.gov/mission-pages/rbsp/barrel/","format":"BIN","mediaType":"application/octet-stream"}],"identifier":"https://doi.org/10.48322/n222-b468","keyword":["ephemeris","instrumentstatus"],"landingPage":"https://doi.org/10.48322/n222-b468","license":"https://www.usa.gov/government-works","modified":"2026-09-21","programCode":["026:000"],"publisher":{"@type":"org:Organization","name":"SPDF"},"theme":["Heliophysics"],"title":"BARREL 3G Ephemeris (EPHM) Geographic and Magnetic Coordinates, Level 2, 4 s Data"},"description":"Geographic and Magnetic Coordinates: The ephemeris data products, which include the balloon epoch time, latitude, longitude, and altitude, are each returned from the payload once every 4s. Geographic coordinates are obtained from an onboard Global Positioning System, GPS, unit. Magnetic coordinates are derived by using the International Radiation Belt Environment Modeling, IRBEM, FORTRAN library.\n\nThe BARREL Mission was a multiple-balloon investigation designed to study electron losses from Earth's Radiation Belts. Selected as a NASA Living with a Star Mission of Opportunity, BARREL was designed to augment the Radiation Belt Storm Probes, RBSP, mission by providing measurements of the spatial and temporal variations of electron precipitation from the radiation belts. The RBSP mission has since been renamed the Van Allen Probes mission. Each BARREL balloon carried an X-ray spectrometer to measure the bremsstrahlung X-rays produced by precipitating relativistic electrons as they collide with neutrals in the atmosphere, and a DC magnetometer to measure ULF-timescale variations of the magnetic field. BARREL observations collected near latitudes close to either the antarctic and arctic circles at stratospheric altitudes at about 30 km. The BARREL instrumentation provided the first balloon measurements of relativistic electron precipitation while comprehensive in situ measurements of both plasma waves and energetic particles were available. Also, the BARREL data has been used to characterize the spatial scale of precipitation at relativistic energies.\n\nThe initial pair of balloon campaigns that were conducted initially during the Austral summer months of January and February of 2013 and 2014 with launches from two stations located in Antarctica: the British base located at Halley Bay on the Brunt Ice Shelf and the South African SANAE IV base (SANAE stand for South African National Antarctic Expedition) located in Vesleskarvet, Queen Maud Land. For the 2013 and 2014 the balloon campaigns, the launch plan was designed to maintain an array with about five payloads spread across about six hours of magnetic local time, MLT, in the region that magnetically maps to the radiation belts. Thus, the BARREL balloon constellation constituted an evolving and slowly moving array able to study relativistic electron precipitation from the radiation belts.\n\nLater campaigns were undertaken in 2015 and 2016 from the Esrange Space Center located in Kiruna, Sweden. The 2015 and 2016 campaigns were undertaken in coordination with the Van Allen Probes mission, the European Incoherent Scatter Scientific Association, EISCAT, incoherent scatter radar system, and other ground and space based instruments. Seven balloon launches occurred during the August 2015 BARREL campaign. A total of eight flights occurred during August 2016.\n\nSumming over the four BARREL campaigns, over 50 small, approximately 20 kg, stratospheric balloons were successively launched. The website creeated and hosted by A.J. Halford (see Information URL below) reports that: \"By the end of the campaigns, there were over 90 researchers coordinating on a daily basis with the BARREL team working on 7 different satellite missions, 1 other balloon mission, and way too many ground based instruments to count.\" Although the BARREL mission launched only balloons during the years from 2013 to 2016, research using data collected on these flights is ongoing, so stay tuned for updates! All data and analysis software are freely available to the scientific community.\n\nThe information listed above in this resource description was compiled by referencing several BARREL related resources including primarily the Millan et al. (2013) Space Science Reviews publication, the BARREL at Dartmouth mission web site, and the website maintained by A.J. Halford.\n\nThe current release of all BARREL CDF data products are Version 10 files.\n\nBARREL will make all its scientific data products quickly and publicly available but all users are expected to read and follow the BARREL Data Usage Policy listed below.\n\nBARREL Data Usage Policy\n\nBARREL data products are made freely available to the public and every effort is made to ensure that these products are of the highest quality. However, there may occasionally be issues with either the instruments or data processing that affect the accuracy of data. When possible, a quality flag is included in higher level data products, and known issues are posted in the BARREL data repository. You are also strongly encouraged to follow the guidelines below if you are planning a publication or presentation in which BARREL data are used. 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Additionally, if a BARREL team member is already working on a similar or related topic, they may be able to contribute intellectually.\n* If BARREL team members are not part of the author list, then users should Credit/Acknowledge the BARREL team as follows: We acknowledge the BARREL team (PI: Robyn Millan) for use of BARREL data.\n* Users are also requested to provide the PI with a copy of each manuscript that uses BARREL data upon submission of that manuscript for consideration of publication. 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