Timeline / Data.gov — Climate Datasets
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Evidence
| Source | Data.gov — Climate Datasets |
|---|---|
| Agency | Data.gov |
| URL | https://api.gsa.gov/technology/datagov/v4/search?q=climate&sort=last_harvested_date&per_page=100&api_key=${DATAGOV_API_KEY} |
| Observed by | Civic Memory, directly, on 2026-09-23T06:24:04+00:00 |
| Content type | application/json |
| Current object |
7d9fc6bea2f51196b26c02622c1775401c9b1347aa1e033fdea41cdedca32adc
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metadata
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| Previous object |
1c677946382b1d03a6d5d6422b1c901c917a9598e2d9fb37ff437257fa621f9b
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metadata
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What changed derived
This diff is not evidence. It was produced by
civic-memory.diff_engine 1.1.0 at
2026-09-23T06:24:04+00:00 by normalizing the two archived objects above. The
objects are authoritative; this reading of them can be regenerated or deleted
without loss. 3359 line(s) added, 3081 line(s) removed.
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The data were generated by statistically downscaling 0.5° resolution model data from the Geophysical Fluid Dynamic Laboratory (GFDL) Seamless System for Prediction and EArth System Research (SPEAR) 30-member ensemble climate model.\n\nProjections are provided for two Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs): SSP2-4.5 and SSP5 8.5. 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The data are the daily average flux over a monthly period for two climate periods: the baseline climate period represents 2003-2018 and the future climate scenarios period represents 2018-2100 under Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP) 4.5 and 8.5. The data were produced by applying a Boosted Regression Tree machine learning approach to create gridded estimates of emissions based on in situ observations of NGS fluxes provided in a related dataset. The resulting monthly average flux data records can be used to calculate annual NGS soil CO2 flux budgets from 2003-2100.", + "fn": "Dalia Kirschbaum", + "hasEmail": "mailto:dalia.kirschbaum@nasa.gov" + }, + "description": "This data set features seven standard annual mean extreme precipitation indices: Rx1day, Rx5day, CWD, R10mm, R20mm, R95pTOT, and R99pTOT. They were selected on the basis of potential relevance to landslide activity from the 27 indices established by the joint CCl/CLIVAR/JCOMM Expert Team (ET) on Climate Change Detection and Indices (ETCCDI). 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The Stage D2 data product is produced by averaging the Stage D1 data over each month, first at each of the eight three hour time intervals and then over all time intervals.", + "fn": "GREG STENSAAS", + "hasEmail": "mailto:stensaas@usgs.gov" + }, + "description": "On the background of these requirements for sensor calibration, intercalibration and product validation, the subgroup on Calibration and Validation of the Committee on Earth Observing System (CEOS) formulated the following recommendation during the plenary session held in China at the end of 2004, with the goal of setting-up and operating an internet based system to provide sensor data, protocols and guidelines for these purposes:\r\n\r\nBackground:\r\n\r\nReference Datasets are required to support the understanding of climate change and quality assure operational services by Earth Observing satellites. The data from different sensors and the resulting synergistic data products require a high level of accuracy that can only be obtained through continuous traceable calibration and validation activities.\r\nRequirement:\r\n\r\nInitiate an activity to document a reference methodology to predict Top of Atmosphere (TOA) radiance for which currently flying and planned wide swath sensors can be intercompared, i.e. define a standard for traceability. Also create and maintain a fully accessible web page containing, on an instrument basis, links to all instrument characteristics needed for intercomparisons as specified above, ideally in a common format. In addition, create and maintain a database (e.g. SADE) of instrument data for specific vicarious calibration sites, including site characteristics, in a common format. Each agency is responsible for providing data for their instruments in this common format. Recommendation : The required activities described above should be supported for an implementation period of two years and a maintenance period over two subsequent years. The CEOS should encourage a member agency to accept the lead role in supporting this activity. CEOS should request all member agencies to support this activity by providing appropriate information and data in a timely manner.\r\n\r\nInstrumented Sites:\r\nDome C, Antarctica is one of eight instrumented sites that are CEOS Reference Test Sites. The CEOS instrumented sites are provisionally being called LANDNET. These instrumented sites are primarily used for field campaigns to obtain radiometric gain, and these sites can serve as a focus for international efforts, facilitating traceability and inter-comparison to evaluate biases of in-flight and future instruments in a harmonized manner. 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The data from different sensors and the resulting synergistic data products require a high level of accuracy that can only be obtained through continuous traceable calibration and validation activities.\r\nRequirement:\r\n\r\nInitiate an activity to document a reference methodology to predict Top of Atmosphere (TOA) radiance for which currently flying and planned wide swath sensors can be intercompared, i.e. define a standard for traceability. Also create and maintain a fully accessible web page containing, on an instrument basis, links to all instrument characteristics needed for intercomparisons as specified above, ideally in a common format. In addition, create and maintain a database (e.g. SADE) of instrument data for specific vicarious calibration sites, including site characteristics, in a common format. Each agency is responsible for providing data for their instruments in this common format. Recommendation : The required activities described above should be supported for an implementation period of two years and a maintenance period over two subsequent years. The CEOS should encourage a member agency to accept the lead role in supporting this activity. CEOS should request all member agencies to support this activity by providing appropriate information and data in a timely manner.\r\n\r\nInstrumented Sites:\r\nDome C, Antarctica is one of eight instrumented sites that are CEOS Reference Test Sites. The CEOS instrumented sites are provisionally being called LANDNET. These instrumented sites are primarily used for field campaigns to obtain radiometric gain, and these sites can serve as a focus for international efforts, facilitating traceability and inter-comparison to evaluate biases of in-flight and future instruments in a harmonized manner. 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Data collection for this data set is complete.\r\n\r\nISCCP was the first project of the World Climate Research Program (WCRP) and was established in 1982 (WMO-35 1982, Schiffer and Rossow 1983) to:\r\nproduce a global, reduced resolution, calibrated and normalized radiance data set containing basic information on the properties of the atmosphere from which cloud parameters can be derived; stimulate and coordinate basic research on techniques for inferring the physical properties of clouds from the condensed radiance data set and to apply the resulting algorithms to derive and validate a global cloud climatology for improving the parameterization of clouds in climate models; and promote research using ISCCP data that contributes to improved understanding of the Earth's radiation budget and hydrological cycle.\r\n\r\nStarting in 1983, an international group of institutions collected and analyzed satellite radiance measurements from up to five geostationary and two polar orbiting satellites to infer the global distribution of cloud properties and their diurnal, seasonal and inter-annual variations. The primary focus of the first phase of the project (1983-1995) was the elucidation of the role of clouds in the radiation budget (top of the atmosphere and surface). In the second phase of the project (1995 onward) the analysis was also concerned with improving understanding of clouds in the global hydrological cycle.\r\n\r\nThe ISCCP analysis combined satellite-measured radiances (Stage B3 data, Schiffer and Rossow 1985, Rossow et al. 1987) with the Tiros Operational Vertical Sounder (TOVS) atmospheric temperature-humidity and ice/snow correlative data sets to obtain information about clouds and the surface. The analysis method first determined the presence of or absence of clouds in each individual image pixel and retrieved the radiometric properties of the cloud for each cloudy pixel and of the surface for each clear pixel. 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The Stage D2 data product was produced by averaging the Stage D1 data over each month, first at each of the eight three hour time intervals and then over all time intervals.", + "fn": "GREG STENSAAS", + "hasEmail": "mailto:stensaas@usgs.gov" + }, + "description": "On the background of these requirements for sensor calibration, intercalibration and product validation, the subgroup on Calibration and Validation of the Committee on Earth Observing System (CEOS) formulated the following recommendation during the plenary session held in China at the end of 2004, with the goal of setting-up and operating an internet based system to provide sensor data, protocols and guidelines for these purposes:\n\nBackground:\n\nReference Datasets are required to support the understanding of climate change and quality assure operational services by Earth Observing satellites. 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Recommendation : The required activities described above should be supported for an implementation period of two years and a maintenance period over two subsequent years. The CEOS should encourage a member agency to accept the lead role in supporting this activity. CEOS should request all member agencies to support this activity by providing appropriate information and data in a timely manner.\n\nInstrumented Sites:\nLa Crau, France is one of eight instrumented sites that are CEOS Reference Test Sites. The CEOS instrumented sites are provisionally being called LANDNET. These instrumented sites are primarily used for field campaigns to obtain radiometric gain, and these sites can serve as a focus for international efforts, facilitating traceability and inter-comparison to evaluate biases of in-flight and future instruments in a harmonized manner. 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Data collection for this data set is complete.\r\n\r\nISCCP was the first project of the World Climate Research Program (WCRP) and was established in 1982 (WMO-35 1982, Schiffer and Rossow 1983) to:\r\nproduce a global, reduced resolution, calibrated and normalized radiance data set containing basic information on the properties of the atmosphere from which cloud parameters can be derived; stimulate and coordinate basic research on techniques for inferring the physical properties of clouds from the condensed radiance data set and to apply the resulting algorithms to derive and validate a global cloud climatology for improving the parameterization of clouds in climate models; and promote research using ISCCP data that contributes to improved understanding of the Earth's radiation budget and hydrological cycle.\r\n\r\nStarting in 1983, an international group of institutions collected and analyzed satellite radiance measurements from up to five geostationary and two polar orbiting satellites to infer the global distribution of cloud properties and their diurnal, seasonal and inter-annual variations. 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The Stage D2 data product was produced by averaging the Stage D1 data over each month, first at each of the eight three hour time intervals and then over all time intervals.", + "name": "DOI/USGS/EROS" + }, + "spatial": "1.92 41.86 6.49 45.63", + "temporal": "1972-08-16T00:00:00Z/2023-03-01T00:00:00Z", + "theme": [ + "CWIC", + "geospatial" + ], + "title": "CEOS Cal Val Test Site - La Crau, France - Instrumented Site" + }, + "description": "On the background of these requirements for sensor calibration, intercalibration and product validation, the subgroup on Calibration and Validation of the Committee on Earth Observing System (CEOS) formulated the following recommendation during the plenary session held in China at the end of 2004, with the goal of setting-up and operating an internet based system to provide sensor data, protocols and guidelines for these purposes:\n\nBackground:\n\nReference Datasets are required to support the understanding of climate change and quality assure operational services by Earth Observing satellites. The data from different sensors and the resulting synergistic data products require a high level of accuracy that can only be obtained through continuous traceable calibration and validation activities.\nRequirement:\n\nInitiate an activity to document a reference methodology to predict Top of Atmosphere (TOA) radiance for which currently flying and planned wide swath sensors can be intercompared, i.e. define a standard for traceability. Also create and maintain a fully accessible web page containing, on an instrument basis, links to all instrument characteristics needed for intercomparisons as specified above, ideally in a common format. In addition, create and maintain a database (e.g. SADE) of instrument data for specific vicarious calibration sites, including site characteristics, in a common format. Each agency is responsible for providing data for their instruments in this common format. 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Data collection is complete.\nEven though it is typically found in low concentrations, stratospheric water vapor has large impacts on the Earth’s climate and energy budget. Studies have suggested that even relatively small changes in stratospheric humidity may have significant climate impacts and future changes in stratospheric humidity and ozone concentration in response to a changing climate are significant climate feedback. Tropospheric water vapor climate feedback is typically well represented in global models. However, predictions of future changes in stratospheric humidity are highly uncertain due to gaps in our understanding of physical processes occurring in the region of the atmosphere that controls the composition of the stratosphere, the Tropical Tropopause Layer (TTL, ~13-18 km). The ability to predict future changes in stratospheric ozone are also limited due to uncertainties in the chemical composition of the TTL. 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Sub-Kilometer craters in High Res Planetary Images", + "downloadURL": "https://c3.nasa.gov/dashlink/static/media/other/5_AISRP_2009_Ding.pdf", + "format": "PDF", + "mediaType": "application/pdf", + "title": "5_AISRP_2009_Ding.pdf" } ], - "identifier": "10.3334/ORNLDAAC/931", - "keyword": [ - "earth-science-atmospheric-radiation-atmosphere-albedo", - "earth-science-atmospheric-radiation-atmosphere-reflectance", - "earth-science-land-use-land-cover-land-surface-land-use-land-cover-classification", - "earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-canopy-characteristics", - "earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-leaf-characteristics", - "earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-plant-characteristics", - "earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-vegetation-cover", - "earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-vegetation-index" - ], - "license": "https://www.usa.gov/government-works", - "modified": "2026-09-22", + "identifier": "C1536056465-LARC_ASDC", + "issued": "2015-01-30", + "keyword": [ + "altitude", + "atmosphere", + "atmospheric-temperature", + "earth-science" + ], + "landingPage": "https://doi.org/10.5067/ASDC_DAAC/ATTREX/0001", + "language": [ + "en-US" + ], + "modified": "2025-04-01", "programCode": [ - "026:000" + "026:001" ], "publisher": { "@type": "org:Organization", - "name": "ORNL_DAAC" - }, - "spatial": "[\"CARTESIAN\", [{\"WestBoundingCoordinate\": -180.0, \"NorthBoundingCoordinate\": 90.0, \"EastBoundingCoordinate\": 180.0, \"SouthBoundingCoordinate\": -90.0}]]", - "temporal": "1992-04-01/1993-05-31", - "theme": [ - "Earth Science" - ], - "title": "ISLSCP II Continuous Fields of Vegetation Cover, 1992-1993" - }, - "description": "The objective of this study was to derive continuous fields of vegetation cover from multi-temporal Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) data using all available bands and derived Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). 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For tree cover, leaf longevity and morphology layers were produced.\n\nThis data set is one of the products of the International Satellite Land-Surface Climatology Project, Initiative II (ISLSCP II) data collection which contains 50 global time series data sets for the ten-year period 1986 to 1995. Selected data sets span even longer periods. ISLSCP II is a consistent collection of data sets that were compiled from existing data sources and algorithms, and were designed to satisfy the needs of modelers and investigators of the global carbon, water and energy cycle. The data were acquired from a number of U.S. and international agencies, universities, and institutions. The global data sets were mapped at consistent spatial (1, 0.5 and 0.25 degrees) and temporal (monthly, with meteorological data at finer (e.g., 3-hour)) resolutions and reformatted into a common ASCII format. The data and documentation have undergone two peer reviews.\n\nISLSCP is one of several projects of Global Energy and Water Cycle Experiment (GEWEX) [http://www.gewex.org/] and has the lead role in addressing land-atmosphere interactions -- process modeling, data retrieval algorithms, field experiment design and execution, and the development of global data sets.", + "name": "NASA/LARC/SD/ASDC" + }, + "spatial": "-135.62 -12.33 -113.17 36.12", + "temporal": "2011-10-01T00:00:00Z/2013-03-01T23:59:59Z", + "theme": [ + "ATTREX", + "geospatial" + ], + "title": "ATTREX-Aircraft_RemoteSensing_Temperature_Measurements" + }, + "description": "ATTREX-Aircraft_RemoteSensing_Temperature_Measurements are remotely sensed temperature profiles collected onboard the Global Hawk Unihabited Aerial System (UAS) during the Airborne Tropical TRopopause EXperiment (ATTREX) campaign. 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The ice masks were generated by combining data acquired by multiple satellite-borne optical, thermal, and radar sensors. The ice thickness and velocity data used to determine the presence of ice are also provided.", + "identifier": "C3179071550-NSIDC_ECS", + "issued": "1997-10-01", + "keyword": [ + "climate-indicators", + "cryosphere", + "cryospheric-indicators", + "earth-science", + "snow-ice" + ], + "landingPage": "https://doi.org/10.5067/9ZFX84T5GI6D", + "language": [ + "en-US" + ], + "modified": "2025-07-17", "programCode": [ - "026:000" + "026:001" ], "publisher": { "@type": "org:Organization", - "name": "ORNL_DAAC" - }, - "spatial": "[\"CARTESIAN\", [{\"WestBoundingCoordinate\": -180.0, \"NorthBoundingCoordinate\": 90.0, \"EastBoundingCoordinate\": 180.0, \"SouthBoundingCoordinate\": -90.0}]]", - "temporal": "1981-07-01/2002-12-31", - "theme": [ - "Earth Science" - ], - "title": "ISLSCP II GIMMS Monthly NDVI, 1981-2002" - }, - "description": "The Global Inventory Modelling and Mapping Studies (GIMMS) Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) data sets were generated to provide a 22-year satellite record of monthly changes in terrestrial vegetation. 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The ice masks were generated by combining data acquired by multiple satellite-borne optical, thermal, and radar sensors. 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This data set contains four zip files which includes sea ice concentration (in percentage of ocean area covered by sea ice), table data and map data. These original data were re-gridded by the National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC) from their original 25-km spatial resolution and EASE-Grid into equal angle Earth grids with quarter, half and one degree spatial resolutions in latitude/longitude. The ISLSCP II staff have taken the one degree resolution original data provided by the Principal Investigator and created global maps of monthly sea ice concentration on a global one degree grid using the latitude and longitude coordinates that were provided. Individual monthly files were created and written to the ASCII format. 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The sites were spread out over the experiment domain of about 30km by 40 km located about 30 km north of Ames, Iowa, USA.\n\nThe data file contains the soil moisture, soil temperature and precipitation measurements for each station located at the site.", + "identifier": "C2011917772-NSIDC_ECS", + "issued": "2016-05-01", + "keyword": [ + "atmospheric-ocean-indicators", + "climate-indicators", + "earth-science", + "land-surface-agriculture-indicators" + ], + "landingPage": "https://doi.org/10.5067/P3ZUS77FW7JL", + "language": [ + "en-US" + ], + "modified": "2025-07-17", "programCode": [ - "026:000" + "026:001" ], "publisher": { "@type": "org:Organization", - "name": "ORNL_DAAC" - }, - "spatial": "[\"CARTESIAN\", [{\"WestBoundingCoordinate\": -180.0, \"NorthBoundingCoordinate\": 90.0, \"EastBoundingCoordinate\": 180.0, \"SouthBoundingCoordinate\": -90.0}]]", - "temporal": "1986-01-01/1995-12-31", - "theme": [ - "Earth Science" - ], - "title": "ISLSCP II Global Sea Ice Concentration" - }, - "description": "This International Satellite Land Surface Climatology Project (ISLSCP) Initiative II data set, ISLSCP II Global Sea Ice Concentration, is based on the Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) Sea Ice Concentrations from Nimbus-7 Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) and the Defense Meteorological Satellites Program (DMSP) Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) Passive Microwave Data. This data set contains four zip files which includes sea ice concentration (in percentage of ocean area covered by sea ice), table data and map data. These original data were re-gridded by the National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC) from their original 25-km spatial resolution and EASE-Grid into equal angle Earth grids with quarter, half and one degree spatial resolutions in latitude/longitude. The ISLSCP II staff have taken the one degree resolution original data provided by the Principal Investigator and created global maps of monthly sea ice concentration on a global one degree grid using the latitude and longitude coordinates that were provided. Individual monthly files were created and written to the ASCII format. 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The sites were spread out over the experiment domain of about 30km by 40 km located about 30 km north of Ames, Iowa, USA.\n\nThe data file contains the soil moisture, soil temperature and precipitation measurements for each station located at the site.", + "distribution_titles": [], + "harvest_record": "https://catalog.data.gov/harvest_record/61a5f42c-73ac-41ca-92b7-c829c8992a26", + "harvest_record_raw": "https://catalog.data.gov/harvest_record/61a5f42c-73ac-41ca-92b7-c829c8992a26/raw", + "has_download": false, "has_spatial": true, - "identifier": "10.3334/ORNLDAAC/981", - "keyword": [ - "earth-science-cryospheric-indicators-climate-indicators-sea-ice-concentration", - "earth-science-sea-ice-cryosphere-sea-ice-concentration", - "earth-science-sea-ice-oceans-ice-extent", - "earth-science-sea-ice-oceans-sea-ice-concentration" - ], - "last_harvested_date": "2026-09-23T00:17:42.289509", + "identifier": "C2011917772-NSIDC_ECS", + "keyword": [ + "atmospheric-ocean-indicators", + "climate-indicators", + "earth-science", + "land-surface-agriculture-indicators" + ], + "last_harvested_date": "2026-09-23T01:25:38.239807", "organization": { "aliases": [ "" @@ -1726,24 +1574,24 @@ "slug": "nasa" }, "parent_identifier": null, - "popularity": 2, - "publisher": "ORNL_DAAC", - "slug": "islscp-ii-global-sea-ice-concentration", + "popularity": 0, + "publisher": "NASA NSIDC DAAC", + "slug": "smapvex16-iowa-permanent-soil-moisture-network-v001", "spatial_centroid": null, "spatial_shape": null, "theme": [ - "Earth Science" - ], - "title": "ISLSCP II Global Sea Ice Concentration", + "geospatial" + ], + "title": "SMAPVEX16 Iowa Permanent Soil Moisture Network V001", "type": "dataset" }, { - "_score": 13.744064, + "_score": 18.400194, "_sort": [ - 1790122661170, - 13.744064, - 4, - "ff9f54e8-f5ef-4cab-8f3e-417b23f4a04c" + 1790126730688, + 18.400194, + 0, + "252f1f96-2227-4c0e-98ca-eff4654b180b" ], "dcat": { "@type": "dcat:Dataset", @@ -1753,104 +1601,60 @@ ], "contactPoint": { "@type": "vcard:Contact", - "fn": "Earthdata Forum", - "hasEmail": "mailto:earthdata-support@nasa.gov" - }, - "description": "The Historical Croplands Cover data set was developed to understand the consequences of historical changes in land use and land cover for ecosystem goods and services. In particular, this data set can be used to study how global changes in cultivated area has influenced climate, biogeochemical cycles, biodiversity, etc. This data set can be used directly within spatially-explicit climate and biogeochemical models.\r\n\r\nThis is a gridded data set describing the fraction of each grid cell in the globe that is occupied by cultivated land from 1700 to 1992. Data layers are provided for every 50 years from 1700 to 1850, every 10 years from 1850 to 1980, and every year from 1986 to 1992.\r\n\r\nThere are two sources of global land cover/land use data. The most recent estimates are derived from satellite measurements, and are available in a spatially-explicit fashion for roughly the last 30 years. The other estimate is based on ground-based sources such as census statistics, land surveys, estimates by historical geographers, etc. These land inventory data are only available at the scale of political units, but have the advantage of being historical. Ramankutty and Foley (1998) derived a spatially-explicit data set of croplands in 1992 by synthesizing remotely-sensed land cover data with contemporary land inventory data. Furthermore, Ramankutty and Foley (1999) extended this data set into the past (back to 1700) using historical land inventory data.\r\n\r\nThe data set should only be used for continental-to-global scale analysis and modeling. The data set captures the broad patterns of cropland change over history, but not necessarily the fine details at local to regional scales - please check the data quality before using it at fine spatial scales. The quality of historical data for the Russian Federation is poor. The quality of data prior to 1850 is poor -- only continental-scale historical data were used for that period.", - "distribution": [ - { - "@type": "dcat:Distribution", - "conformsTo": "http://www.isotc211.org/2005/gmi", - "description": "The metadata's original source.", - "downloadURL": "https://cmr.earthdata.nasa.gov/search/concepts/C2784888334-ORNL_CLOUD.iso19115", - "format": "ISO", - "mediaType": "text/xml", - "title": "Original Metadata" - }, - { - "@type": "dcat:Distribution", - "downloadURL": "https://daac.ornl.gov/graphics/browse/sdat-tds/966_1_fit.png", - "format": "PNG", - "mediaType": "image/png" - }, - { - "@type": "dcat:Distribution", - "downloadURL": "https://data.ornldaac.earthdata.nasa.gov/protected/bundle/historic_cropland_xdeg_966.zip", - "format": "ZIP", - "mediaType": "application/zip" - }, - { - "@type": "dcat:Distribution", - "downloadURL": "https://data.ornldaac.earthdata.nasa.gov/public/islscp_ii/vegetation/historic_cropland_xdeg/comp/0_historic_cropland_readme.txt", - "format": "TXT", - "mediaType": "text/plain" - }, - { - "@type": "dcat:Distribution", - "downloadURL": "https://data.ornldaac.earthdata.nasa.gov/public/islscp_ii/vegetation/historic_cropland_xdeg/comp/1_historic_cropland_doc.pdf", - "format": "PDF", - "mediaType": "application/pdf" - }, - { - "@type": "dcat:Distribution", - "downloadURL": "https://doi.org/10.3334/ORNLDAAC/966", - "format": "HTML", - "mediaType": "text/html" - }, - { - "@type": "dcat:Distribution", - "downloadURL": "https://search.earthdata.nasa.gov/search/granules?p=C2784888334-ORNL_CLOUD", - "format": "BIN", - "mediaType": "application/octet-stream" - } - ], - "identifier": "10.3334/ORNLDAAC/966", - "keyword": [ - "earth-science-land-use-land-cover-land-surface-land-use-land-cover-classification", - "earth-science-surface-radiative-properties-land-surface-albedo", - "earth-science-surface-radiative-properties-land-surface-reflectance", - "earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-canopy-characteristics", - "earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-leaf-characteristics", - "earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-plant-characteristics", - "earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-vegetation-cover", - "earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-vegetation-index" - ], - "license": "https://www.usa.gov/government-works", - "modified": "2026-09-22", + "fn": "EUGENE FOSNIGHT", + "hasEmail": "mailto:fosnight@usgs.gov" + }, + "description": "The Global Forest Observations Initiative (GFOI) is an initiative of the inter-governmental Group on Earth Observations (GEO) that aims to:\n\nfoster the sustained availability of observations for national forest monitoring systems; support governments that are establishing national systems by providing a platform for coordinating observations, providing assistance and guidance on utilising observations, developing accepted methods and protocols, and promoting ongoing research and development; and work with national governments that report into international forest assessments (such as the global Forest Resources Assessment (FRA) of the Food and Agriculture Organization, FAO) and the national greenhouse gas inventories reported to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) using methods of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC).", + "identifier": "C1220567933-USGS_LTA", + "issued": "2019-09-20", + "keyword": [ + "agriculture", + "biosphere", + "earth-science", + "forest-science", + "habitat-conversion-fragmentation", + "human-dimensions", + "terrestrial-ecosystems", + "vegetation" + ], + "landingPage": "https://cmr.earthdata.nasa.gov:443/search/concepts/C1220567933-USGS_LTA.html", + "language": [ + "en-US" + ], + "modified": "2025-07-17", "programCode": [ - "026:000" + "026:001" ], "publisher": { "@type": "org:Organization", - "name": "ORNL_DAAC" - }, - "spatial": "[\"CARTESIAN\", [{\"WestBoundingCoordinate\": -180.0, \"NorthBoundingCoordinate\": 90.0, \"EastBoundingCoordinate\": 180.0, \"SouthBoundingCoordinate\": -90.0}]]", - "temporal": "1700-01-01/1992-12-31", - "theme": [ - "Earth Science" - ], - "title": "ISLSCP II Historical Croplands Cover, 1700-1992" - }, - "description": "The Historical Croplands Cover data set was developed to understand the consequences of historical changes in land use and land cover for ecosystem goods and services. In particular, this data set can be used to study how global changes in cultivated area has influenced climate, biogeochemical cycles, biodiversity, etc. This data set can be used directly within spatially-explicit climate and biogeochemical models.\r\n\r\nThis is a gridded data set describing the fraction of each grid cell in the globe that is occupied by cultivated land from 1700 to 1992. Data layers are provided for every 50 years from 1700 to 1850, every 10 years from 1850 to 1980, and every year from 1986 to 1992.\r\n\r\nThere are two sources of global land cover/land use data. The most recent estimates are derived from satellite measurements, and are available in a spatially-explicit fashion for roughly the last 30 years. The other estimate is based on ground-based sources such as census statistics, land surveys, estimates by historical geographers, etc. These land inventory data are only available at the scale of political units, but have the advantage of being historical. Ramankutty and Foley (1998) derived a spatially-explicit data set of croplands in 1992 by synthesizing remotely-sensed land cover data with contemporary land inventory data. Furthermore, Ramankutty and Foley (1999) extended this data set into the past (back to 1700) using historical land inventory data.\r\n\r\nThe data set should only be used for continental-to-global scale analysis and modeling. The data set captures the broad patterns of cropland change over history, but not necessarily the fine details at local to regional scales - please check the data quality before using it at fine spatial scales. The quality of historical data for the Russian Federation is poor. The quality of data prior to 1850 is poor -- only continental-scale historical data were used for that period.", - "distribution_titles": [ - "Original Metadata" - ], - "harvest_record": "https://catalog.data.gov/harvest_record/d25a4da0-2e22-4733-86e0-d87e6ccb376c", - "harvest_record_raw": "https://catalog.data.gov/harvest_record/d25a4da0-2e22-4733-86e0-d87e6ccb376c/raw", - "has_download": true, + "name": "DOI/USGS/EROS" + }, + "spatial": "174.0 -22.0 -176.0 -13.0", + "temporal": "1970-01-01T00:00:00Z/2022-01-17T00:00:00Z", + "theme": [ + "CWIC", + "geospatial" + ], + "title": "Global Forest Observations Initiative (GFOI) - Fiji" + }, + "description": "The Global Forest Observations Initiative (GFOI) is an initiative of the inter-governmental Group on Earth Observations (GEO) that aims to:\n\nfoster the sustained availability of observations for national forest monitoring systems; support governments that are establishing national systems by providing a platform for coordinating observations, providing assistance and guidance on utilising observations, developing accepted methods and protocols, and promoting ongoing research and development; and work with national governments that report into international forest assessments (such as the global Forest Resources Assessment (FRA) of the Food and Agriculture Organization, FAO) and the national greenhouse gas inventories reported to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) using methods of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC).", + "distribution_titles": [], + "harvest_record": "https://catalog.data.gov/harvest_record/0bb667ff-7d90-4708-a3b9-d5c25c59208d", + "harvest_record_raw": "https://catalog.data.gov/harvest_record/0bb667ff-7d90-4708-a3b9-d5c25c59208d/raw", + "has_download": false, "has_spatial": true, - "identifier": "10.3334/ORNLDAAC/966", - "keyword": [ - "earth-science-land-use-land-cover-land-surface-land-use-land-cover-classification", - "earth-science-surface-radiative-properties-land-surface-albedo", - "earth-science-surface-radiative-properties-land-surface-reflectance", - "earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-canopy-characteristics", - "earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-leaf-characteristics", - "earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-plant-characteristics", - "earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-vegetation-cover", - "earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-vegetation-index" - ], - "last_harvested_date": "2026-09-23T00:17:41.170485", + "identifier": "C1220567933-USGS_LTA", + "keyword": [ + "agriculture", + "biosphere", + "earth-science", + "forest-science", + "habitat-conversion-fragmentation", + "human-dimensions", + "terrestrial-ecosystems", + "vegetation" + ], + "last_harvested_date": "2026-09-23T01:25:30.688849", "organization": { "aliases": [ "" @@ -1865,24 +1669,25 @@ "slug": "nasa" }, "parent_identifier": null, - "popularity": 4, - "publisher": "ORNL_DAAC", - "slug": "islscp-ii-historical-croplands-cover-1700-1992", + "popularity": 0, + "publisher": "DOI/USGS/EROS", + "slug": "global-forest-observations-initiative-gfoi-fiji", "spatial_centroid": null, "spatial_shape": null, "theme": [ - "Earth Science" - ], - "title": "ISLSCP II Historical Croplands Cover, 1700-1992", + "CWIC", + "geospatial" + ], + "title": "Global Forest Observations Initiative (GFOI) - Fiji", "type": "dataset" }, { - "_score": 12.251391, + "_score": 13.595976, "_sort": [ - 1790122660813, - 12.251391, - 1, - "1a79fd18-1e6a-4cb7-91db-78778c5b416d" + 1790126658623, + 13.595976, + 3, + "e88fe799-ff7f-467a-8a5f-b0f861b47fa6" ], "dcat": { "@type": "dcat:Dataset", @@ -1892,104 +1697,108 @@ ], "contactPoint": { "@type": "vcard:Contact", - "fn": "Earthdata Forum", - "hasEmail": "mailto:earthdata-support@nasa.gov" - }, - "description": "The Historical Land Cover and Land Use data set was developed to provide the global change community with historical land use estimates. The data set describes historical land use changes over a 300-year historical period (1700-1990).\n\nTesting against historical data is an important step for validating integrated models of global environmental change. Owing to long time lags in the climate and biogeochemical systems, these models should aim to simulate the land use dynamics for long periods, i.e., spanning decades to centuries. Developing such models requires an understanding of past and current trends and is therefore strongly data dependent. For this purpose, a historical database of the global environment has been developed: HYDE. Historical statistical inventories on agricultural land (census data, tax records, land surveys, etc) and different spatial analysis techniques were used to create a geographically-explicit data set of land use change, with a regular time interval. The data set can be used to test integrated models of global change. Continental-scale historical data were used for that period.", + "fn": "DR. PAUL STACKHOUSE", + "hasEmail": "mailto:paul.w.stackhouse@nasa.gov" + }, + "description": "FLASH_SSF_NOAA20-FM6-VIIRS_Version1A data are near real-time CERES observed TOA fluxes, clouds, and parameterized surface fluxes, not officially calibrated. The Fast Longwave and SHortwave Flux (FLASHFlux) data are a product line of the Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy Systems (CERES) project designed for processing and release of top-of-atmosphere (TOA) and surface radiative fluxes within one week of CERES instrument measurement. The FLASHFlux data product is a rapid-release product based on the algorithms developed for and data collected by the CERES project. CERES is currently producing world-class climate data products derived from measurements taken aboard NASA's Terra and Aqua spacecraft. While of exceptional fidelity, these data products require considerable processing time to assure quality, verify accuracy, and assess precision. The result is that CERES data are typically released up to six months after acquiring the initial measurements. Such delays are of little consequence for climate studies, especially considering the improved quality of the released data products. Thus, FLASHFlux products are not intended to achieve climate quality.FLASHFlux data products were envisioned as a resource whereby CERES data could be provided to the community within a week of the initial measurements, with some calibration accuracy requirements relaxed to gain speed. The Single Scanner Footprint TOA/Surface Fluxes and Clouds (SSF) product contains one hour of instantaneous Fast Longwave And SHortwave Fluxes (FLASHFlux) data for a single Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy Systems (CERES) scanner instrument. The SSF combines instantaneous CERES data with scene information from a higher-resolution imager such as the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) on the NOAA-20 satellite and meteorological and ozone information from The Goddard Earth Observing System GEOS-5 FP-IT Atmospheric Data Assimilation System (GEOS-5 ADAS). Scene identification and cloud properties are defined at the higher imager resolution, and these data are averaged over the larger CERES footprint. For each CERES footprint, the SSF contains Top-of-Atmosphere fluxes in SW, LW, and incoming NET, surface fluxes using the Langley parameterized shortwave and longwave algorithms, and cloud information.CERES is a key Earth Observing System (EOS) program component. The CERES instruments provide radiometric measurements of the Earth's atmosphere from three broadband channels. The CERES mission is a follow-up to the successful Earth Radiation Budget Experiment (ERBE) mission. The first CERES instrument (PFM) was launched on November 27, 1997, as part of the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM). Two CERES instruments (FM1 and FM2) were launched into polar orbit on board the EOS flagship Terra on December 18, 1999. Two additional CERES instruments (FM3 and FM4) were launched on board EOS Aqua on May 4, 2002. CERES instrument Flight Model 5 (FM5) was launched on board the Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership (NPP) satellite on October 28, 2011. 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Continental-scale historical data were used for that period.", + "name": "NASA/LARC/SD/ASDC" + }, + "spatial": "<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\"?><gml:Polygon xmlns:gml=\"http://www.opengis.net/gml/3.2\" srsName=\"EPSG:9825\"><gml:outerBoundaryIs><gml:LinearRing><gml:posList>-90.0 -180.0 -90.0 180.0 90.0 180.0 90.0 -180.0 -90.0 -180.0</gml:posList></gml:LinearRing></gml:outerBoundaryIs><gml:innerBoundaryIs></gml:innerBoundaryIs></gml:Polygon>", + "temporal": "2021-12-21T00:00:00Z/2024-04-08T00:00:00Z", + "theme": [ + "FLASHFLUX", + "geospatial" + ], + "title": "Fast Longwave And SHortwave Fluxes (FLASHflux) Clouds and Radiative Swath (SSF) data in netCDF" + }, + "description": "FLASH_SSF_NOAA20-FM6-VIIRS_Version1A data are near real-time CERES observed TOA fluxes, clouds, and parameterized surface fluxes, not officially calibrated. 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Data are available as one-time estimates or across the temporal range; typically as monthly summaries. One-time estimates of aboveground carbon and soil organic carbon stocks for the PMFM derived from existing sources are provided. Also included are the monthly mean normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) from MOD13A3 used to derive greenness trends, monthly mean air temperature, and total monthly precipitation from Daymet for 2001-2015 across the PMFM. Other files include the distribution and coverage of PMFM across Mexico. Distributions are provided as four categories of PMFM: (1) Arid mangroves with Surface Water as main input, along the Gulf of California and Pacific Coast (ARsw); (2) humid mangroves with surface water input along the Pacific Coast (HUsw-Pa); (3) humid mangroves with surface water input along the coast of the Gulf of Mexico (HUsw-Gf); (4) humid mangroves with groundwater input along the Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea (HUgw). These data provide a baseline for national monitoring programs, carbon accounting models, and greenness trends in coastal wetlands.", + "fn": "undefined", + "hasEmail": "mailto:metadata@ciesin.columbia.edu" + }, + "description": "The Anthropogenic Biomes of the World, Version 2: 1700 data set describes anthropogenic transformations within the terrestrial biosphere caused by sustained direct human interaction with ecosystems, including agriculture and urbanization circa 1700. Potential natural vegetation biomes, such as tropical rainforests or grasslands, are based on global vegetation patterns related to climate and geology. Anthropogenic transformation within each biome is approximated using population density, agricultural intensity (cropland and pasture) and urbanization. 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Special payable concern to the Bay of Bengal has been paid that can dictate region’s climate to certain extent. The ecosystems’ impact due to climate change and global warming -can bring direct variables and affects in –salinity, temperature, river flow, runoff, soil characteristics, erosion, nutrition level and water quality. The landscape mapping can address the system infrastructure requirements to the SEAR’s sea basin attainable by the annual monsoons, the Southwest and the Northeast Monsoons. How recent meteorological and geodynamic-genetic events can result in adverse economical damages and significant losses of lives are also drawn. This work monitors on Sea-level rise gets projected under global warming. The most brainstorming findings from climate change issues are how the high latitudes for SEAR Sea Basins’ are likely to experience greater warming than the global mean and warming,- And how the hydrological cycle gets found responsible for bringing more floods and more droughts in- causing huge devastating changes for environmental factors in coastal zones", + "identifier": "DASHLINK_720", + "issued": "2013-05-08", + "keyword": [ + "ames", + "dashlink", + "nasa" + ], + "landingPage": "https://c3.nasa.gov/dashlink/resources/720/", + "modified": "2025-07-17", "programCode": [ - "026:000" + "026:029" ], "publisher": { "@type": "org:Organization", - "name": "ORNL_DAAC" - }, - "spatial": "[\"CARTESIAN\", [{\"WestBoundingCoordinate\": -180.0, \"NorthBoundingCoordinate\": 90.0, \"EastBoundingCoordinate\": 180.0, \"SouthBoundingCoordinate\": -90.0}]]", - "temporal": "1986-01-01/1995-12-31", - "theme": [ - "Earth Science" - ], - "title": "ISLSCP II UNH/GRDC Composite Monthly Runoff" - }, - "description": "The University of New Hampshire (UNH)/Global Runoff Data Centre (GRDC) composite runoff data combines simulated water balance model runoff estimates derived from climate forcing with monitored river discharge. 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